LEARNING SEQUENCES: THEIR EXISTENCE, EFFECT, AND EVOLUTION

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Bingham, Christopher B.; Davis, Jason P.
• 署名单位: University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
• 刊物名称: ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT JOURNAL
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0001-4273
• DOI: 10.5465/amj.2009.0331
• 发表日期: 2012
• 页码: 611-641
• 关键词: MANHATTAN HOTEL INDUSTRY; STRATEGIC BUSINESS EXIT; INTERNATIONAL EXPANSION; ACQUISITION EXPERIENCE; absorptive-capacity; Market entry; CREATE VALUE; FIRMS LEARN; KNOWLEDGE; survival

摘要

Much is known about the importance of learning and some of the distinct learning processes that organizations use (e.g., trial-and-error learning, vicarious learning, experimental learning, and improvisational learning). Yet surprisingly little is known about whether these processes combine over time in ordered ways, because most research on learning explores one particular process. Using theory elaboration and theory-building methods and data on the accumulated country entries of entrepreneurial firms, we address this gap. Our core contribution is an emergent theoretical framework that develops the concept of learning sequences. We find that learning sequences exist and are influenced by initial conditions. We also find that learning sequences evolve in fundamentally distinct ways over time and with repeated use. Finally, data show how different learning sequences differentially affect both shorter- and longer-term performance, suggesting that it matters which learning processes are used and when. Overall, our findings on learning sequences have important implications for learning theory, international entrepreneurship, and the growing literature on process management.