RESOURCE-BASED CONTINGENCIES OF WHEN TEAM-MEMBER EXCHANGE HELPS MEMBER PERFORMANCE IN TEAMS

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Farh, Crystal I. C.; Lanaj, Klodiana; Ilies, Remus
• 署名单位: University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; National University of Singapore
• 刊物名称: ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT JOURNAL
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0001-4273
• DOI: 10.5465/amj.2014.0261
• 发表日期: 2017
• 页码: 1117-1137
• 关键词: SOCIAL-EXCHANGE; JOB-PERFORMANCE; cognitive-ability; networks; Leader; experience; KNOWLEDGE; MODEL; personality; QUALITY

摘要

We integrate social exchange theory with social capital theory to present a resourcebased contingency model of when team-member exchange (TMX) helps individual performance in teams. We argue that strong TMX produces obligations to utilize resources (e.g., task information) provided by one's teammates, and these obligations enhance performance when (a) teammates provide resources of high quality or (b) the quality of resources available from individuals outside of the TMX relationship (i.e., the leader) are low, purportedly because TMX-based obligations protect individuals from over-utilizing low-quality resources from the leader. We tested our model in two studies. In Study 1, multisource team data revealed that TMX enhanced member performance when teammates possessed attributes associated with high-quality resources (i.e., high cognitive ability) or when the leader did not. In Study 2, we replicated these findings in a scenario experiment, showing that TMX impacted performance under different resource conditions via felt obligation to utilize teammates' resources. Our findings advance the literature by delineating the teammate-and leader-resource conditions under which TMX benefits member performance, as well as demonstrating that felt obligation to utilize teammates' resources is an important mechanism underlying these effects. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.