School Desegregation, School Choice, and Changes in Residential Location Patterns by Race

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Baum-Snow, Nathaniel; Lutz, Byron F.
• 署名单位: Brown University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
• 刊物名称: AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0002-8282
• DOI: 10.1257/aer.101.7.3019
• 发表日期: 2011
• 页码: 3019-3046
• 关键词: Private schools; white flight; brown

摘要

This paper examines the residential location and school choice responses to the desegregation of large urban public school districts. We decompose the well documented decline in white public enrollment following desegregation into migration to suburban districts and increased private school enrollment and find that migration was the more prevalent response. Desegregation caused black public enrollment to increase significantly outside of the South, mostly by slowing decentralization of black households to the suburbs, and large black private school enrollment declines in southern districts. Central district school desegregation generated only a small portion of overall urban population decentralization between 1960 and 1990.