POWERFUL WOMEN: DOES EXPOSURE REDUCE BIAS?

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Beaman, Lori; Chattopadhyay, Raghabendra; Duflo, Esther; Pande, Rohini; Topalova, Petia
• 署名单位: Northwestern University; Indian Institute of Management (IIM System); Indian Institute of Management Calcutta; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Harvard University; International Monetary Fund; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
• 刊物名称: QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0033-5533
• DOI: 10.1162/qjec.2009.124.4.1497
• 发表日期: 2009
• 页码: 1497-1540
• 关键词: implicit association test; attitudes; PREJUDICE; BEHAVIOR; IMPACT

摘要

We exploit random assignment of gender quotas for leadership positions on Indian village councils to show that prior exposure to a female leader is associated with electoral gains for women. After ten years of quotas, women are more likely to stand for, and win, elected positions in councils required to have a female chief councilor in the previous two elections. We provide experimental and survey evidence on one channel of influence-changes in voter attitudes. Prior exposure to a female chief councilor improves perceptions of female leader effectiveness and weakens stereotypes about gender roles in the public and domestic spheres.