The Political Economy of Debt and Entitlements

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Bouton, Laurent; Lizzeri, Alessandro; Persico, Nicola
• 署名单位: Georgetown University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); National Bureau of Economic Research; New York University; Northwestern University
• 刊物名称: REVIEW OF ECONOMIC STUDIES
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0034-6527
• DOI: 10.1093/restud/rdaa003
• 发表日期: 2020
• 页码: 2568-2599
• 关键词: balanced-budget rules; government debt; growth pact; old-age; deficits; state; taxation; MODEL; institutions; consumption

摘要

This article presents a dynamic political-economic model of total government obligations. Its focus is on the interplay between debt and entitlements. In our model, both are tools by which temporarily powerful groups can extract resources from groups that will be powerful in the future: debt transfers resources across periods; entitlements directly target the future allocation of resources. We prove the following results. First, the presence of endogenous entitlements dampens the incentives of politically powerful groups to accumulate debt, but it leads to an increase in total government obligations. Second, fiscal rules can have perverse effects: if entitlements are unconstrained, and there are capital market frictions, debt limits lead to an increase in total government obligations and to worse outcomes for all groups. Analogous results hold for entitlement limits. Third, our model sheds some lights on the influence of capital market frictions on the incentives of governments to adopt fiscal rules, and implement entitlement programs. Finally, we identify preference polarization as a possible explanation for the joint growth of debt and entitlements.