Direct and Spillover Effects of Middle School Vaccination Requirements

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Carpenter, Christopher S.; Lawler, Emily C.
• 署名单位: Vanderbilt University; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia
• 刊物名称: AMERICAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL-ECONOMIC POLICY
• ISSN/ISSBN: 1945-7731
• DOI: 10.1257/pol.20170067
• 发表日期: 2019
• 页码: 95-125
• 关键词: acellular pertussis-vaccine; mandates evidence; immunization; adolescents; HEALTH; rates; inference; cost; AGE

摘要

We study the direct and spillover effects of state requirements that middle school youths obtain 61 tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap) booster prior to middle school entry. These mandates sigmficantly increased Tdap vaccine take-up and reduced pertussis (whooping cough) incidence by about 32 percent. We also document cross-vaccine spillovers: the mandates significantly increased adolescent vaccination rates for meningococcal disease and human papillomavirus (IIPV) which is responsible for 98 percent of cervical cancers-by 8-34 percent, with particularly large effects for children from low SES households. We find important roles for both parents and providers in generating these spillovers.