Gender Attitudes in the Judiciary: Evidence from US Circuit Courts

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Ash, Elliott; Chen, Daniel l.; Ornaghi, Arianna
• 署名单位: Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; Hertie School
• 刊物名称: AMERICAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL-APPLIED ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 1945-7782
• DOI: 10.1257/app.20210435
• 发表日期: 2024
• 页码: 314-350
• 关键词: racial bias; judges; DISCRIMINATION; stereotypes; DYNAMICS; culture

摘要

Do gender attitudes influence interactions with female judges in US circuit courts? In this paper, we propose a judge-specific measure of gender attitudes based on use of gender-stereotyped language in the judge's authored opinions. Exploiting quasi-random assignment of judges to cases and conditioning on judges' characteristics, we validate the measure showing that higher-slant judges vote more conservatively in gender-related cases. Higher-slant judges interact differently with female colleagues: they are more likely to reverse lower court decisions if the lower court judge is a woman than a man, are less likely to assign opinions to female judges, and cite fewer female-authored opinions. (JEL D91, J16, K41)