Gender Gaps and the Rise of the Service Economy

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Ngai, L. Rachel; Petrongolo, Barbara
• 署名单位: University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; Queen Mary University London; University of London; Queen Mary University London; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
• 刊物名称: AMERICAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL-MACROECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 1945-7707
• DOI: 10.1257/mac.20150253
• 发表日期: 2017
• 页码: 1-44
• 关键词: labor-force participation; structural-change; market outcomes; home production; GROWTH; MODEL; EMPLOYMENT; demand; skills; women

摘要

This paper investigates the role of the rise in services in the narrowing of gender gaps in hours and wages in recent decades. We highlight the between-industry component of differential gender trends for the United States and propose a model economy with goods, services, and home production, in which women have a comparative advantage in producing services. The rise of services, driven by structural transformation and marketization of home production, raises women's relative wages and market hours. Quantitatively, the model accounts for an important share of the observed trends in women's hours and relative wages.