Untangling Trade and Technology: Evidence from Local Labour Markets

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Autor, David H.; Dorn, David; Hanson, Gordon H.
• 署名单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Zurich; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of California System; University of California San Diego
• 刊物名称: ECONOMIC JOURNAL
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0013-0133
• DOI: 10.1111/ecoj.12245
• 发表日期: 2015
• 页码: 621-646
• 关键词: UNITED-STATES; demand; IMPACT; LIBERALIZATION; polarization; COMPETITION; INEQUALITY; workers; GROWTH; shocks

摘要

We juxtapose the effects of trade and technology on employment in US local labour markets between 1980 and 2007. Labour markets whose initial industry composition exposes them to rising Chinese import competition experience significant falls in employment, particularly in manufacturing and among non-college workers. Labour markets susceptible to computerisation due to specialisation in routine task-intensive activities instead experience occupational polarisation within manufacturing and non-manufacturing but do not experience a net employment decline. Trade impacts rise in the 2000s as imports accelerate, while the effect of technology appears to shift from automation of production activities in manufacturing towards computerisation of information-processing tasks in non-manufacturing.