National Leadership and Competing Technological Paradigms: The Globalization of Cotton Spinning, 1878-1933

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Stanford University
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC HISTORY
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0022-0507
• DOI: 10.1017/S0022050710000537
• 发表日期: 2010
• 页码: 535-566
• 关键词: self-acting mule; textile-industry; technical change; PRODUCTIVITY; diffusion; lancashire; LABOR; adoption; skill; COSTS

摘要

Using the records of British firms that supplied nearly 90 percent of world trade in cotton spinning machinery, we track the evolution and diffusion of spinning technology over more than 50 years. In contrast to scenarios in which modern technologies supplant older methods, we observe two paradigms in competitive coexistence, each one supporting ongoing productivity growth through complementary improvements in machinery, organization, and workforce skills. International productivity differences were magnified under the skill-based mule, British spinners being the world's best. Global diffusion of ring spinning was driven by advances in fiber control, a directed technological response to the expansion of world trade.