The distributional impacts of transportation networks in China

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Ma, Lin; Tang, Yang
• 署名单位: Singapore Management University; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore Management University
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0022-1996
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jinteco.2023.103873
• 发表日期: 2024
• 关键词: Regional trade; migration; welfare; Economic geography

摘要

We document that the quality of roads and railroads vary substantially over time and space in China, and neglecting these variations biases the distributional impacts of transportation networks. To account for quality differences, we construct a new panel dataset and approximate quality using the design speed of roads and railroads that varies by vintage, class, and terrain at the pixel level. We then build a dynamic spatial general equilibrium model for multiple modes, transportation routes, and forward -looking migration decisions. Our findings demonstrate that disregarding quality differences leads to a median bias of approximately 31% in estimating real wage growth rates at the prefecture level. Moreover, this bias is non-random and correlates with the initial conditions of the prefectures, resulting in significant errors when predicting the distributional effects of transportation networks.