The largest insurance program in history: Saving one million lives per year in China

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Gruber, Jonathan; Lin, Mengyun; Yi, Junjian
• 署名单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; Xiamen University; Xiamen University; Peking University
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0047-2727
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2023.104999
• 发表日期: 2023
• 关键词: Public health insurance; health outcomes; Mortality rate; life expectancy; New cooperative medical scheme

摘要

The New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS), rolled out in China from 2003-2008, provided insurance to 800 million rural Chinese. We combine aggregate mortality data with individual survey data, and identify the impact of the NCMS from program rollout and heterogeneity across areas in their rural share. We find that there was a significant decline in aggregate mortality, with the program saving more than one million lives per year at its peak, and explaining 78% of the entire increase in life expectancy in China over this period. We confirm these mortality effects using micro-data on mortality, other health outcomes, and utilization.