The effects of labor market opportunities on education: The case of a female hiring ceiling in Iran

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Moeeni, Safoura; Tanaka, Atsuko
• 署名单位: University of Regina; University of Calgary
• 刊物名称: JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMICS
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0047-2727
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2023.104896
• 发表日期: 2023
• 关键词: Education attainment; returns to education; Hiring quota; Gender discrimination

摘要

This paper estimates the effects of reduced labor market opportunities on women's college education outcomes. To do so, we exploit discontinuity generated by a 2010 policy in Iran limiting female hiring in the public sector, which greatly worsened employment opportunities for college-educated women. We find that the reform immediately reduced women's college attendance by 11.4% points while it slightly increased men's college attendance. We also find that it decreased women's enrollment in college majors wherein employment probabilities are more reduced after the reform. In contrast, we do not observe any significant impact on other outcomes, including high school education decisions, labor supply patterns of high school graduates, and spillover effects into the private sector labor market. Lastly, we note that those who do not attend college are more likely to get married and/or have children at younger ages. This paper shows labor market returns as an important determinant of education pursuit even in a country, where the society is highly conservative and women's employment possibilities are low. & COPY; 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.