Tendencies toward triadic closure: Field experimental evidence

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Mosleh, Mohsen; Eckles, Dean; Rand, David G.
• 署名单位: University of Oxford; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-15005
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2404590122
• 发表日期: 2025-07-08
• 关键词: NETWORKS; diversity; strength; PARADOX; RACE

摘要

Empirical social networks are characterized by a high degree of triadic closure (i.e., transitivity, clustering): network neighbors of the same individual are also likely to be directly connected. It is unknown to what degree this results from dispositions to form such ties (i.e., to close open triangles) per se versus other processes such as homophily and more opportunities for exposure. These mechanisms are difficult to disentangle in many settings. On social media, however, they can be decomposed-and platforms frequently make decisions that depend on these distinct processes. Here, using a field experiment on social media, we randomize the existing network structure that a user faces when they are followed by a target account that we control. We then examine whether the user reciprocates this tie formation. Being randomly assigned to have an existing tie to an account that follows the target user increases tie formation by 35%. Through multiple control conditions, we attribute this effect specifically to a minimal cue that indicates the presence of a potential mutual follower. Theory suggests that triadic closure should be especially likely in open triads of strong ties, and accordingly we find larger effects when the subject has interacted more with the existing follower. These results indicate a substantial role for tendencies toward triadic closure, but one that is substantially smaller than what might be inferred from prior observational studies. Platforms and others may rely on these tendencies in encouraging tie formation, with broader implications for network structure and information diffusion in online networks. Significance A ubiquitous feature of social networks is that friends of friends tend to also be friends with each other. But there is surprisingly little evidence that having a mutual connection actually causes an increase in the likelihood of forming social ties. This is because mutual connections co-occur with many factors, such as similar interests, that can also contribute to tie formation. By using a randomized social media field experiment, we provide evidence that people are indeed disposed to form ties that close open triangles in their social networks. This result provides unique support for a highly influential sociological theory, and helps resolve an ambiguity about why closed triads are so common.