Predicting nature- based coastal protection by mangroves under extreme waves

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Hu, Zhan; Temmerman, Stijn; Zhu, Qin; Wang, Xinran; Wu, Jinwei; Xu, Tianping; Schoutens, Ken; Suzuki, Tomohiro; Yang, Zhifeng; Bouma, Tjeerd J.
• 署名单位: Sun Yat Sen University; Southern Marine Science & Engineering Guangdong Laboratory; Southern Marine Science & Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai); Sun Yat Sen University; Sun Yat Sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources & Coastal Engineering; University of Antwerp; Southern Marine Science & Engineering Guangdong Laboratory; Southern Marine Science & Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou); KU Leuven; Guangdong University of Technology; Utrecht University; Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ); Utrecht University
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-10586
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2410883122
• 发表日期: 2025-03-25
• 关键词: attenuation; vegetation; forest; drag; propagation; DISSIPATION; FLOWS

摘要

Forested wetlands such as mangroves are considered highly valuable for nature- based mitigation of coastal flooding. However, their wave attenuation capacity during extreme storms, when risks are highest, is rarely measured and remains challenging to predict. Here, we compile a unique dataset on the largest incident wave heights (0.39 to 1.44 m) ever recorded in forested wetlands, including our own measurements and literature data. Our analysis reveals that forested wetlands can significantly attenuate storm waves (35% over 3 wavelengths) except in rare near- submerged cases. Notably, 19 of the 20 existing formulations for vegetation drag coefficient, a key parameter for wave attenuation modeling, are inapplicable in storm conditions. Hence, we introduce an new approach to reliably predict wave attenuation during storms, without the need for drag coefficient determination nor modeling expertise. This approach offers coastal practitioners a new user- friendly tool to assess the effectiveness of nature- based solutions for storm hazard mitigation.