Hippocampal mismatch signals are based on episodic memories and not schematic knowledge

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Varga, Dominika K.; Raykov, Petar P.; Jefferies, Elizabeth; Ben-Yakov, Aya; Bird, Chris M.
• 署名单位: University of Sussex; University of Sussex; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC); University of Cambridge; University of York - UK; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-9393
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2503535122
• 发表日期: 2025-08-26
• 关键词: medial temporal-lobe; area ca1; novelty; prediction; systems; MODEL; INFORMATION; retrieval; regions; REPRESENTATIONS

摘要

Prediction errors drive learning by signaling mismatches between expectations and reality, but the neural systems supporting these computations remain debated. The hippocampus is implicated in mismatch detection, yet it is not known whether it signals mismatches with episodic memories or generalized knowledge. Across three functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) experiments, we show that the hippocampus selectively responds to mismatches with episodic memories of specific events. In contrast, schematic mismatches engage Semantic Control and Multiple Demand Networks, as well as subcortical regions linked to prediction error signaling. Episodic mismatches also recruit the Default Mode Network. These findings challenge accounts that propose the hippocampus is a domain-general mismatch detector. Instead, the findings support a more specialized role for the hippocampus in learning that is underpinned by its well-established importance in processing episodic memories.