Independent and combined effects of long- term air pollution exposure and genetic predisposition on COVID-19 severity: A population- based cohort study

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Ma, Yudiyang; Wang, Jianing; Cui, Feipeng; Tang, Linxi; Khalid, Sara; Tian, Yaohua; Xie, Junqin
• 署名单位: Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre; University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of Oxford
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-9227
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2421513122
• 发表日期: 2025-03-11
• 关键词: ace2; diseases; tmprss2

摘要

The relationships between air pollution, genetic susceptibility, and COVID-19-related outcomes, as well as the potential interplays between air pollution and genetic susceptibility, remain largely unexplored. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess associations between long-term exposure to air pollutants and the risk of COVID-19 outcomes (infection, hospitalization, and death) in a COVID-19-naive cohort (n = 458,396). Additionally, associations between air pollutants and the risk of COVID-19 severity (hospitalization and death) were evaluated in a COVID-19 infection cohort (n = 110,216). Furthermore, this study investigated the role of host genetic susceptibility in the relationships between exposure to air pollutants and the development of COVID-19-related outcomes. Long-term exposure to air pollutants was significantly associated with an increased risk of COVID-19-related outcomes in the COVID-19 naive cohort. Similarly, in COVID-19 infection cohort, hazard ratios (HRs) for COVID-19 hospital admission were 1.23 (1.19, 1.27) for PM2.5 and 1.22 (1.17, 1.26) for PM10, whereas HRs for COVID-19 death were 1.28 (1.18, 1.39) for PM2.5 and 1.25 (1.16, 1.36) for PM10. Notably, significant interactions were found between PM2.5/PM10 and genetic susceptibility in COVID-19 death. In COVID-19 infection cohort, participants with both high genetic risk and high air pollutants exposure had 1.86-to 1.97-fold and 1.91-to 2.14-fold higher risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and death compared to those with both low genetic risk and low air pollutants exposure. Exposure to air pollution is significantly associated with an increased burden of severe COVID-19, and air pollution-gene interactions may play a crucial role in the development of COVID-19-related outcomes.