The magnitude of legal wildlife trade and implications for species survival

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Marshall, Benjamin Michael; Alamshah, Aubrey L.; Cardoso, Pedro; Cassey, Phillip; Chekunov, Sebastian; Eskew, Evan A.; Fukushima, Caroline S.; Garcia-Diaz, Pablo; Gore, Meredith L.; Lockwood, Julie L.; Rhyne, Andrew L.; Sinclair, James S.; Strine, Colin Thomas; Stringham, Oliver C.; Tlusty, Michael F.; Valdez, Jose W.; Watters, Freyja; Hughes, Alice C.
• 署名单位: University of Stirling; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Binghamton University, SUNY; Universidade de Lisboa; University of Helsinki; University of Adelaide; University of Idaho; University of Turku; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; Roger Williams University; Leibniz Association; Senckenberg Gesellschaft fur Naturforschung (SGN); Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Boston; German Research Foundation (DFG); German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv); Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg; University of Hong Kong
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-9019
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2410774121
• 发表日期: 2025-01-14
• 关键词: colony collapse disorder; amphibians; IMPACT

摘要

The unsustainable use of wildlife is a primary driver of global biodiversity loss. No comprehensive global dataset exists on what species are in trade, their geographic origins, and trade's ultimate impacts, which limits our ability to sustainably manage trade. The United States is one of the world's largest importers of wildlife, with trade data compiled in the US Law Enforcement Management Information System (LEMIS). The LEMIS provides the most comprehensive publicly accessible wildlife trade database of non- the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) listed species. In total, 21,097 species and over 2.85 billion individuals were traded over the past 22 y (2000- 2022). When LEMIS data are combined with CITES records, the United States imported over 29,445 wild species, including over 50% of all globally described species in some taxonomic groups. For most taxa, around half of the individuals are declared as sourced from the wild. Although the LEMIS provides the only means to assess trade volumes for many taxa, without any associated data on most wild populations, it is impossible to assess the impact on biodiversity, sustainability of trade, or any potential risk of pest or pathogen spread. These insights underscore the considerable underestimation of trade and the urgent need for other countries to adopt similar mechanisms to accurately record trade.