Epitope-directed selection of GPCR nanobody ligands with evolvable function

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Skiba, Meredith A.; Canavan, Clare; Nemeth, Genevieve R.; Liu, Jinghan; Kanso, Ali; Kruse, Andrew C.
• 署名单位: Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Northwestern University; Leipzig University
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-8758
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2423931122
• 发表日期: 2025-03-18
• 关键词: cryo-em; angiotensin; allostery

摘要

Antibodies have the potential to target G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) with high receptor, cellular, and tissue selectivity; however, few antibody ligands for GPCRs exist. Here, we describe a generalizable selection method to enrich for GPCR ligands from a synthetic camelid antibody fragment (nanobody) library. Our strategy yielded multiple nanobody ligands for the angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R), a prototypical GPCR and important drug target. We found that nanobodies readily act as allosteric modulators, encoding selectivity for both the receptor and chemical features of GPCR ligands. We then used structure-guided design to convert two nanobodies from allosteric ligands to competitive AT1R inhibitors through simple mutations. This work demonstrates that nanobodies can encode multiple pharmacological behaviors and have great potential as evolvable scaffolds for the development of next-generation GPCR therapeutics.