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作者：Manzini, Paola; Mariotti, Marco
作者单位：University of St Andrews
摘要：We propose a boundedly rational model of choice where agents categorize alternatives before choosing. The model explains some behavioral anomalies, and it is fully characterized by a property of choice data: a categorizer can never exhibit certain patterns of revealed preference reversals. This model offers clues on the problem of making welfare judgements in the presence of boundedly rational agents.
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作者：Shurchkov, Olga
作者单位：Wellesley College
摘要：Gender gaps in the workplace are widespread. One explanation for gender inequality stems from the effects of the interaction between competition and two pressure sources, namely, task stereotypes and time constraints. This study uses a laboratory experiment to find that the gender gap in performance under competition and preferences for competition can be partly explained by the differential responses of men and women to the above pressures. In particular, while women underperform the men in a...
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作者：Lippi, Francesco; Nobili, Andrea
作者单位：University of Sassari
摘要：We model an open economy where macroeconomic variables fluctuate in response to oil supply shocks, as well as aggregate demand and supply shocks generated domestically and abroad. We use several robust predictions of the model to identify five fundamental shocks underlying the fluctuations of the (real) oil price, the US activity and the global business cycle. The estimates show that supply shocks generated in the global economy explain the largest fraction of the oil price fluctuations, about...
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作者：Oster, Emily
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：This paper estimates whether exports affect the incidence of HIV in Africa. This relationship has implications for HIV prevention policy as well as for the consequences of trade increases in Africa. I estimate this impact using two sources of data on HIV incidence, one generated based on UNAIDS estimates and the other based on observed HIV mortality. These data are combined with data on export value and volume. I find a fairly consistent positive relationship between exports and new HIV infect...
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作者：Head, Allen; Liu, Lucy Qian; Menzio, Guido; Wright, Randall
作者单位：Queens University - Canada; International Monetary Fund; University of Pennsylvania; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Minneapolis
摘要：Why do some sellers set nominal prices that apparently do not respond to changes in the aggregate price level? In many models, prices are sticky by assumption; here it is a result. We use search theory, with two consequences: prices are set in dollars, since money is the medium of exchange; and equilibrium implies a nondegenerate price distribution. When the money supply increases, some sellers may keep prices constant, earning less per unit but making it up on volume so profit stays constant....
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作者：Aghion, Philippe; Askenazy, Philippe; Berman, Nicolas; Cette, Gilbert; Eymard, Laurent
作者单位：Harvard University; Paris School of Economics; Aix-Marseille Universite
摘要：We use a French firm-level data set containing 13,000 firms over the period 19942004 to analyze the relationship between credit constraints and firms R&D behavior over the business cycle. Our main results can be summarized as follows: (i) R&D investment is countercyclical without credit constraints, but it becomes procyclical as firms face tighter credit constraints; (ii) this result is only observed for firms in sectors that depend more heavily upon external finance, or that are characterized...
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作者：Bucciol, Alessandro
作者单位：University of Verona; University of Amsterdam
摘要：We adopt a two-stage Method of Simulated Moments to estimate the preference parameters in a life-cycle consumption-saving model augmented with temptation disutility. Our approach estimates the parameters from the comparison between simulated moments with empirical moments observed in the US Survey of Consumer Finances; to identify the parameters we consider moments from liquid and illiquid asset holdings at different ages. We find evidence of a small but significantly positive degree of tempta...
