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作者：Graham, Bryan S.; Imbens, Guido W.; Ridder, Geert
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; University of Southern California
摘要：This paper presents econometric methods for measuring the average output effect of reallocating an indivisible input across production units. A distinctive feature of reallocations is that, by definition, they involve no augmentation of resources and, as such, leave the marginal distribution of the reallocated input unchanged. Nevertheless, if the production technology is nonseparable, they may alter average output. An example is the reallocation of teachers across classrooms composed of stude...
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作者：Manski, Charles F.
作者单位：Northwestern University; Northwestern University
摘要：The merits of alternative income tax policies depend on the population distribution of preferences for income and leisure. Standard theory, which supposes that persons want more income and more leisure, does not predict how they resolve the tension between these desires. Empirical studies of labor supply have imposed strong preference assumptions that lack foundation. This paper examines anew the problem of inference on income-leisure preferences and considers the implications for evaluation o...
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作者：Henry, Marc; Kitamura, Yuichi; Salanie, Bernard
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Yale University; Columbia University
摘要：We consider partial identification of finite mixture models in the presence of an observable source of variation in the mixture weights that leaves component distributions unchanged, as is the case in large classes of econometric models. We first show that when the number J of component distributions is known a priori, the family of mixture models compatible with the data is a subset of a J(J-1)-dimensional space. When the outcome variable is continuous, this subset is defined by linear constr...
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作者：Helmers, Christian; Patnam, Manasa
作者单位：Santa Clara University
摘要：This paper identifies the effect of neighborhood peer groups on childhood skill acquisition using observational data. We incorporate spatial peer interaction, defined as a child's nearest geographical neighbors, into a production function of child cognitive development in Andhra Pradesh, India. Our peer group definition takes the form of networks, whose structure allows us to identify endogenous peer effects and contextual effects separately. We exploit variation over time to avoid confounding...
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作者：Chiappori, Pierre-Andre; Samphantharak, Krislert; Schulhofer-Wohl, Sam; Townsend, Robert M.
作者单位：Columbia University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Minneapolis; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：We show how to use panel data on household consumption to directly estimate households' risk preferences. Specifically, we measure heterogeneity in risk aversion among households in Thai villages using a full risk-sharing model, which we then test allowing for this heterogeneity. There is substantial, statistically significant heterogeneity in estimated risk preferences. Full insurance cannot be rejected. As the risk-sharing as-if-complete-markets theory might predict, estimated risk preferenc...
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作者：Okumura, Tsunao; Usui, Emiko
作者单位：Yokohama National University; Nagoya University
摘要：This paper identifies sharp bounds on the mean treatment response and average treatment effect under the assumptions of both the concave-monotone treatment response (concave-MTR) and the monotone treatment selection (MTS). We use our bounds and the U.S. National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 to estimate mean returns to schooling. Our upper-bound estimates are substantially smaller than (i) estimates using only the concave-MTR assumption of Manski (1997), and (ii) estimates using only the M...
