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作者：Gertler, P; Levine, DI; Ames, M
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University
摘要：Loss of a parent is one of the most traumatic events a child can face. If loss of a parent reduces investments in children, it can also have long-lasting implications. This study uses parametric and seminonparametric matching techniques to estimate how one human capital investment, school enrollment, is affected by a parent's recent death. We analyze data from 600,000 households from Indonesia's National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) during 1994-1996. We find a parent's recent death has a lar...
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作者：Heckman, J; Navarro-Lozano, S
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：This paper investigates four topics. (1) It examines the different roles played by the propensity score (the probability of selection into treatment) in matching instrumental variable, and control function methods. (2) It contrasts the roles of exclusion restrictions in matching and selection models. (3) It characterizes the sensitivity of matching to the choice of conditioning variables and demonstrates the greater robustness of control function methods to misspecification of the conditioning...
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作者：Sianesi, B
摘要：We investigate the presence of short- and long-term effects from joining a Swedish labor market program vis-a-vis more intense job search in open unemployment. Overall, the impact of the program system is found to have been mixed. Joining a program has increased employment rates among participants, a result robust to a misclassification problem in the data. On the other hand it has also allowed participants to remain significantly longer on unemployment benefits and more generally in the unemp...
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作者：Vigdor, JL
作者单位：Duke University
摘要：This paper analyzes how community heterogeneity influences resident decisions to undertake actions generating public benefits. The decision in question is completing and returning the 2000 Census questionnaire, an action which secures a significant amount of federal grants for the community. The model developed to explain this action allows members of societal groups to differentially value public benefits that accrue to other group members. Racial, generational, and socioeconomic class hetero...
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作者：Golan, A; Perloff, JM
作者单位：American University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We use a nonlinear, nonparametric method to forecast unemployment rates. This method is an extension of the nearest-neighbor method but uses a higher-dimensional simplex approach. We compare these forecasts with several linear and nonlinear parametric methods based on the work of Montgomery et al. (1998) and Carruth et al. (1998). Our main result is that, due to the nonlinearity in the data-generating process, the nonparametric method outperforms many other well-known models, even when these m...
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作者：Bernstein, JI; Mamuneas, TP; Pashardes, P
作者单位：Carleton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Leicester; University of Cyprus
摘要：This paper establishes that new inputs increase technical efficiency levels for U.S. manufacturing. Over the period 1950-1998, intermediate inputs exhibited higher rates of efficiency growth than labor and capital. Efficiency-adjusted productivity growth annually averaged 0.4 percentage points above measured growth. The gap between efficiency-adjusted and measured productivity growth arises from aggregating inputs using observed, and not efficiency-adjusted, cost share weights in the calculati...
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作者：Hartmann, P; Straetmans, S; de Vries, CG
作者单位：Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Maastricht University; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam
摘要：We characterize asset return linkages during periods of stress by an extremal dependence measure. Contrary to correlation analysis, this nonparametric measure is not predisposed toward the normal distribution and can allow for nonlinear relationships. Our estimates for the G-5 countries suggest that simultaneous crashes between stock markets are much more likely than between bond markets. However, for the assessment of financial system stability the widely disregarded cross-asset perspective i...
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作者：Feinberg, RM; Price, GN
作者单位：American University; University of North Carolina; North Carolina A&T State University
摘要：Utilizing data on research proposals submitted to the National Science Foundation (NSF) Economics Program over a 5-year period, this paper examines whether the social capital stock of grant applicants enhances their access to research resources by increasing the probability of being awarded a research grant. We estimate latent-variable specifications of the NSF decision to fund a research proposal. Our results show that, given ability, being a National Bureau of Economic Research associate inc...
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作者：Shioji, E
作者单位：Yokohama National University
摘要：A panel data estimation finds a high speed of income convergence among the U.S. states. However, initial incomes show a pattern which is difficult to explain by the estimated model. A simulation study shows that this pattern can be explained much more naturally when we assume that true convergence is slow.
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作者：Jacob, BA; Lefgren, L
作者单位：Harvard University; Brigham Young University
摘要：As standards and accountability have become increasingly prominent features of the educational landscape, educators have relied more on remedial programs such as summer school and grade retention to help low-achieving students meet minimum academic standards. Yet the evidence on the effectiveness of such programs is mixed, and prior research suffers from selection bias. However, recent school reform efforts in Chicago provide an opportunity to examine the causal impact of these remedial educat...
