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作者：Hoderlein, Stefan; Stoye, Joerg
作者单位：Boston College; Cornell University
摘要：This paper explores the empirical content of the weak axiom of revealed preference (WARP) for repeated cross-sections. In a heterogeneous population, the fraction of consumers who violate WARP is not point identified but can be bounded. These bounds, as well as some nonparametric refinements, correspond to intuitive behavioral assumptions if there are two goods. With three or more goods, such intuitions break down, and plausible assumptions can have counterintuitive implications. We also provi...
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作者：Gibson, John; McKenzie, David
作者单位：University of Waikato; The World Bank; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：Seasonal migration programs are widely used around the world, yet there is little evidence as to their development impacts. A multiyear prospective evaluation of New Zealand's Recognised Seasonal Employer (RSE) seasonal worker program allows us to measure the impact of participating in this program on households in Tonga and Vanuatu. Using a propensity-score prescreened difference-in-differences analysis based on surveys fielded before, during, and after participation, we find that the RSE has...
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作者：Wen, Jean-Francois; Gordon, Daniel V.
作者单位：University of Calgary; Universitetet i Stavanger
摘要：Do progressive marginal income tax rates discourage self-employment? We assume risk neutrality to construct an implicit surtax on stochastic income relative to steady income, arising from a convex tax schedule. It is computed as part of a structural probit model with earnings equations and a tax simulator. The tax convexity variable and the net-of-tax income difference between self-and paid employment have the predicted signs and high levels of statistical significance for the probability of s...
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作者：Estevadeordal, Antoni; Taylor, Alan M.
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作者：Li, Geng
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors
摘要：Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we document that controlling for observable characteristics, household investors' likelihood of entering the stock market within the ensuing five years is about 20% to 30% higher if their parents or children had entered the stock market during the previous five years. By eliminating competing hypotheses such as preference similarity and herding, we argue that these findings highlight the significance of information sharing regarding household financial...
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作者：Fruehwirth, Jane Cooley
作者单位：University of Cambridge
摘要：Empirical studies of peer effects rely on the assumption that peer spillovers can be measured through observables. However, in the education context, many theories of peer spillovers center around unobservables, such as ability, effort, or motivation. I show that when peer effects arise from unobservables, the typical empirical specifications will not measure these effects accurately, which may help explain differences in the magnitude and even sign of peer effect estimates across studies. I a...
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作者：Ang, James S.; Cheng, Yingmei; Wu, Chaopeng
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida State University; Xiamen University
摘要：Using a unique and rich database of high-technology firms in China, we show that effective enforcement of intellectual property rights at the provincial level is critical in encouraging financing and investing in R&D. Better enforcement of intellectual property (IP) rights positively affects firms' ability to acquire new external debt and allows firms to invest in more R&D, generate more innovation patents, and produce more sales from new products. Our results suggest that facilitating financi...
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作者：Ferracci, Marc; Jolivet, Gregory; van den Berg, Gerard J.
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; Nantes Universite; University of Bristol; University of Mannheim; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
摘要：This paper provides a method to infer the presence of treatment spillovers within markets where a fraction of agents is treated. We model individual outcomes as functions of the assigned treatment status and the distribution of assigned treatments in a market. We develop a two-step identification and estimation method, focusing first on the treatment distribution among individuals within markets and then on the treatment distribution across markets. We apply our approach to training programs f...
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作者：Ebenstein, Avraham; Harrison, Ann; McMillan, Margaret; Phillips, Shannon
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research; Tufts University; Boston College
摘要：We link industry-level data on trade and offshoring with individual-level worker data from the Current Population Surveys from 1984 to 2002. We find that occupational exposure to globalization is associated with significant wage effects, while industry exposure has no significant impact. We present evidence that globalization has put downward pressure on worker wages through the reallocation of workers away from higher-wage manufacturing jobs into other sectors and other occupations. Using a p...
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作者：Bohn, Sarah; Lofstrom, Magnus; Raphael, Steven
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：We test for an effect of Arizona's 2007 Legal Arizona Workers Act (LAWA) on the proportion of the state's population characterized as noncitizen Hispanic. We use the synthetic control method to select a group of states against which Arizona's population trends can be compared. We document a notable and statistically significant reduction in the proportion of the Hispanic noncitizen population in Arizona. The decline observed matches the timing of LAWA's implementation, deviates from the time s...
