2期

最新文章

• Nonparametric Welfare and Demand Analysis with Unobserved Individual Heterogeneity AI翻译
  作者：Cosaert, Sam; Demuynck, Thomas
  作者单位：KU Leuven; Universite Libre de Bruxelles
  摘要：This paper combines revealed preference and nonparametric estimation techniques to obtain nonparametric bounds on the distribution of the money metric utility and demand functions over a population of heterogeneous households. Our approach is independent of any functional specification on the household utility functions. Our method applies the weak axiom of revealed preference to a population of heterogeneous households. Although this does not produce the sharpest bounds, we show that it is co...
• Born to Lead? The Effect of Birth Order on Noncognitive Abilities AI翻译
  作者：Black, Sandra E.; Gronqvist, Erik; Ockert, Bjorn
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; IZA Institute Labor Economics
  摘要：We study the effect of birth order on personality using Swedish population data. Earlier-born men are more emotionally stable, persistent, socially outgoing, willing to assume responsibility, and able to take initiative than later borns. Firstborn children aremore likely to bemanagers and to be in occupations requiring leadership ability, social ability, and Big Five personality traits.We find a significant role for the sex composition within the family. When investigating possible mechanisms,...
• Every Little Bit Counts: The Impact of High-Speed Internet on the Transition to College AI翻译
  作者：Dettling, Lisa J.; Goodman, Sarena; Smith, Jonathan
  作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors; University System of Georgia; Georgia State University
  摘要：This paper examines whether high-speed Internet affects students' college applications. Our analysis links the diffusion of residential broadband to the testing and application outcomes of millions of PSAT and SAT takers and reveals that students with broadband in their postal code perform better on the SAT and apply to a higher number and more expansive set of colleges. While the availability of broadband generally improved applications to college, the effects appear to be concentrated among ...
• Information and Legislative Bargaining: The Political Economy of US Tariff Suspensions AI翻译
  作者：Ludema, Rodney D.; Mayda, Anna Maria; Mishra, Prachi
  作者单位：Georgetown University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Reserve Bank of India; International Monetary Fund
  摘要：This paper studies the political influence of individual firms on congressional decisions to suspend tariffs on U.S. imports of intermediate goods. We develop a legislative bargaining model in which firms influence legislators by transmitting information about the value of protection, using verbal messages and lobbying expenditures. Model estimation using firmlevel data on tariff suspension bills and lobbying expenditures reveals that the probability a suspension is granted decreases with each...
• How Do Right-to-Carry Laws Affect Crime Rates? Coping with Ambiguity Using Bounded-Variation Assumptions AI翻译
  作者：Manski, Charles F.; Pepper, John V.
  作者单位：Northwestern University; University of Virginia
  摘要：Despite dozens of studies, research on crime has struggled to reach consensus about the impact of right-to-carry (RTC) gun laws. With this in mind, we formalize and apply a class of bounded-variation assumptions that flexibly restrict the degree to which outcomes may vary across time and space. Using these assumptions, we present empirical analysis of the effect of RTC laws on violent and property crimes in Virginia, Maryland, and Illinois. Imposing specific assumptions that we believe worthy ...
• On the Demographic Adjustment of Unemployment AI翻译
  作者：Barnichon, Regis; Mesters, Geert
  作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University; Centre de Recerca en Economia Internacional (CREI); Barcelona School of Economics; Pompeu Fabra University
  摘要：The unemployment rate is one of the most important business cycle indicators, but its interpretation can be difficult because slow changes in the demographic composition of the labor force affect the level of unemployment and make comparisons across business cycles difficult. To purge the unemployment rate from demographic factors, labor force shares are routinely used to control for compositional changes. This paper shows that this approach is ill defined, because the labor force share of a d...
• Review of Economics and Statistics over the Past 100 Years: A Counting Exercise AI翻译
  作者：Khwaja, Asim I.; Mangal, Kunal
• Job Displacement and the Duration of Joblessness: The Role of Spatial Mismatch AI翻译
  作者：Andersson, Fredrik; Haltiwanger, John C.; Kutzbach, Mark J.; Pollakowski, Henry O.; Weinberg, Daniel H.
  作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC); Harvard University
  摘要：This paper presents a new approach to the measurement of the effects of spatial mismatch that takes advantage of matched employeremployee administrative data integrated with a person-specific job accessibility measure, as well as demographic and neighborhood characteristics. We focus on a group of job searchers for plausibly exogenous reasons: lower-income workers with strong labor force attachment separated during a mass layoff. Our results support the spatial mismatch hypothesis. We find tha...
• Labor Misallocation and Mass Mobilization: Russian Agriculture during the Great War AI翻译
  作者：Dower, Paul Castaneda; Markevich, Andrei
  作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; New Economic School
  摘要：We exploit a quasi-natural experiment of military draftees in Russia during World War I to examine the effects of a massive, negative labor shock on agricultural production. Employing a novel district-level panel data set, we find that mass mobilization produces a dramatic decrease in cultivated area. Surprisingly, farms with communal land tenure exhibit greater resilience to the labor shock than private farms. The resilience stems from peasants reallocating labor in favor of the commune becau...
• Childhood Medicaid Coverage and Later-Life Health Care Utilization AI翻译
  作者：Wherry, Laura R.; Miller, Sarah; Kaestner, Robert; Meyer, Bruce D.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of Chicago
  摘要：Exploiting a discontinuity in childhood Medicaid eligibility based on date of birth, we find that more years of childhood eligibility are associated with fewer hospitalizations in adulthood. For blacks, we find a 7% to 15% decrease in hospitalizations and a suggestive 2% to 5% decrease in emergency department visits, but no similar effect for nonblacks. The effects are pronounced for utilization related to chronic illnesses and for patients living in low-income postal codes. Calculations sugge...