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作者：Fishman, Ram; Smith, Stephen C.; Bobic, Vida; Sulaiman, Munshi
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; George Washington University; Inter-American Development Bank; Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee BRAC; BRAC University
摘要：Many development programs that attempt to disseminate improved technologies are limited in duration because of external funding constraints or an assumption of impact sustainability, but there is limited evidence on whether and when terminating such programs is efficient. We provide novel experimental evidence on the impacts of a randomized phaseout of an agricultural extension and subsidy program that promotes improved inputs and cultivation practices among smallholder women farmers in Uganda...
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作者：Barrette, Eric; Gowrisankaran, Gautam; Town, Robert
作者单位：Medtronic; Columbia University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：While economic theories indicate that market power by downstream firms can potentially counteract market power upstream, antitrust policy is opaque as to whether to incorporate countervailing market power in merger analyses. We use detailed national claims data from the health care sector to evaluate whether countervailing insurer power does indeed limit hospitals' exercise of market power. We estimate willingness-to-pay models to evaluate hospital market power across analysis areas. We find t...
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作者：Bai, Jie; Gazze, Ludovica; Wang, Yukun
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Warwick; Cornell University
摘要：The existence of collective reputation implies an important externality. Among firms trading internationally, quality shocks about one firm's products could affect the demand of other firms from the same origin country. We study such a reputation spillover in the context of a large-scale scandal that affected the Chinese dairy industry in 2008. Leveraging detailed firm-product level administrative data and official quality inspection reports, we document sizable reputation spillovers on uncont...
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作者：Anderson, Katharine A.; Richards-Shubik, Seth
作者单位：Lehigh University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper studies productivity and preferences in scientific research. Collaboration is increasingly important for innovation in science and other domains, but we have limited understanding of the factors researchers use to choose their collaborators and the projects they work on. Here, we use a model of strategic network formation and a recently developed econometric method to examine this question in the context of economics researchers. We learn that research teams with more collaborators ...
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作者：Okada, Toshihiro
作者单位：Kwansei Gakuin University
摘要：This paper develops and estimates a New Keynesian (NK) model with endogenous technology. It shows that introducing endogenous technology can solve three important puzzles that conventional NK models face: the inflation persistence, disinflationary news shock, and zero lower bound (ZLB) supply shock. First, the observed persistence in inflation is explained without relying on the conventional NK models' additional assumptions (e.g., backward price indexation). Second, it explains the observed d...
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作者：Bhalotra, Sonia; Karlsson, Martin; Nilsson, Therese; Schwarz, Nina
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Duisburg Essen; Lund University; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN); University of Duisburg Essen
摘要：We identify earnings impacts of exposure to an infant health intervention in Sweden, using individual-linked administrative data to trace potential mechanisms. Leveraging quasi-random variation in eligibility, we estimate that exposure was associated with higher test scores in primary school for boys and girls. However, only girls were more likely to score in the top quintile. Subsequent gains, in secondary schooling, employment, and earnings, are restricted to girls. We show that the differen...
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作者：Marcus, Michelle
作者单位：Vanderbilt University
摘要：Health-based drinking water violations affect about one in twelve Americans annually, yet the benefits of drinking water regulation are not well understood. I exploit plausibly exogenous variation in water quality violation timing to estimate the impacts on avoidance behavior and child outcomes. Using purchases of bottled water and common stomach remedies, emergency room visits for gastrointestinal illness, and school absences, I provide a comprehensive calculation of costs associated with poo...
