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作者：Ketz, Philipp; McCloskey, Adam
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Paris School of Economics; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder
摘要：We introduce adaptive confidence intervals on a parameter of interest in the presence of nuisance parameters, such as coefficients on control variables, with known signs. Our confidence intervals are trivial to compute and can provide significant length reductions relative to standard ones when the nuisance parameters are small. At the same time, they entail minimal length increases at any parameter values. We apply our confidence intervals to the linear regression model, prove their uniform v...
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作者：Nagler, Markus; Rincke, Johannes; Winkler, Erwin
作者单位：University of Erlangen Nuremberg; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Work-related stress has reportedly increased over time. Using worker-level survey and experimental data, we investigate the labor market consequences of work pressure. We build a measure of pressure strongly associated with adverse health outcomes and show that pressure comes with a sizable earnings premium, reflecting workers' willingness-to-pay to avoid pressure. As expected, we do not find a premium among civil servants who face strong labor market frictions. Our experimental evidence is co...
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作者：Ferreira, Leonardo N.; Miranda-Agrippino, Silvia; Ricco, Giovanni
作者单位：Central Bank of Brazil; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; University of Warwick
摘要：We propose a Bayesian approach to Local Projections (LPs) that optimally addresses the empirical bias-variance trade-off intrinsic in the choice between direct and iterative methods. Bayesian Local Projections (BLPs) regularize LP regressions via informative priors and estimate impulse response functions that capture the properties of the data more accurately than iterative VARs. BLPs preserve the flexibility of LPs while retaining a degree of estimation uncertainty comparable to Bayesian VARs...
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作者：Batista, Catia; Vicente, Pedro C.
作者单位：Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Universidade Nova de Lisboa
摘要：Rural areas in sub-Saharan Africa are typically underserved by financial services. Mobile money brings a substantial reduction in the transaction costs of remittances. We follow the introduction of mobile money for the first time in rural villages of Mozambique using a randomized field experiment. We find that mobile money increased migration out of these villages, where we observe lower agricultural activity and investment. At the same time, remittances received and welfare of rural household...
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作者：Currie, Janet; Zhang, Jonathan
作者单位：Princeton University; Duke University; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA)
摘要：We use data from the Veterans Administration to examine the efficacy of primary care providers (PCPs). Leveraging quasi-random assignment of veterans to PCPs, we measure effectiveness using ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) and hospitalizations/emergency department (ED) visits for mental health or circulatory conditions. PCPs' variation along these dimensions predicts future outcomes. For example, a 1 standard deviation improvement in mental health effectiveness reduces patient risk ...
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作者：Genesove, David; Hansen, James
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University of Melbourne
摘要：We shed light on housing price inertia by investigating how the home-sale mechanism affects housing price dynamics. Using Australian data, we find that auction prices forecast better and display less momentum than negotiated prices. These findings are robust to alternative price measurements and different sample selection corrections. Motivated by microtheory that predicts different weights for buyer and seller values in auction and negotiated prices, we decompose housing prices into two diffu...
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作者：DeStefano, Timothy; Kneller, Richard; Timmis, Jonathan
作者单位：Georgetown University; University of Nottingham; The World Bank
摘要：Cloud computing has shifted how firms access IT away from investment in fixed capital to pay-on-demand services that facilitate remote and simultaneous use. Using firm-level data, we examine the impact of cloud adoption on firm performance and organizational geography with an IV approach that exploits cross-section and time-series variation in fiber broadband speeds as instruments. Cloud leads younger firms to increase revenue, employment, and productivity, whereas incumbent firms experience n...
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作者：Rockenbach, Bettina; Tonke, Sebastian; Weiss, Arne R.
作者单位：University of Cologne; Max Planck Society; Universitat d'Alacant; University of Mannheim; University of Bern
摘要：In a field experiment among 9,823 customers of the Namibian water utility, we implement interventions to reduce nonpayments. The interventions are based on diagnostic surveys to identify key obstacles to payments. They address informational frictions and apply psychological commitment techniques to narrow the gap between customers' willingness to pay and actual payments. Initially, payments increase by 29% to 55%, making the interventions highly cost-effective. Removing informational frictions...
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作者：Browne, Oliver R.; Gazze, Ludovica; Greenstone, Michael; Rostapshova, Olga
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Chicago
摘要：New technologies allow perfect detection of environmental violations at near-zero marginal cost, but take-up is low. We conducted a field experiment to evaluate enforcement of water conservation rules with smart meters in Fresno, CA. Households were randomly assigned combinations of enforcement method (automated or in-person inspections) and fines. Automated enforcement increased households' punishment rates from 0.1% to 14%, decreased summer water use by 3%, and reduced violations by 17%, whi...
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作者：Krieger, Joshua L.; Myers, Kyle R.; Stern, Ariel D.
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：We examine editors' influence on the scientific content of aca-demic journals by unpacking the role of three major forces: journals' statedmissions, the aggregate supply of and demand for specific topics, and sci-entific homophily via editorial gatekeeping. In a sample of top biomedicaljournals, we find the first two forces explain the vast majority of variationin published content. The upper bound of the homophily effect is statisti-cally significant but practically much less important. Margi...
