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作者：Franks, Alexander M.; Csardi, Gabor; Drummond, D. Allan; Airoldi, Edoardo M.
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Chicago
摘要：We consider the problem of quantifying the degree of coordination between transcription and translation, in yeast. Several studies have reported a surprising lack of coordination over the years, in organisms as different as yeast and humans, using diverse technologies. However, a close look at this literature suggests that the lack of reported correlation may not reflect the biology of regulation. These reports do not control for between-study biases and structure in the measurement errors, ig...
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作者：Frandsen, Brigham R.
作者单位：Brigham Young University
摘要：This article develops a nonparametric approach to identification and estimation of treatment effects on censored outcomes when treatment may be endogenous and have arbitrarily heterogenous effects. Identification is based on an instrumental variable that satisfies the exclusion and monotonicity conditions standard in the local average treatment effects framework. The article proposes a censored quantile treatment effects estimator, derives its asymptotic distribution, and illustrates its perfo...
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作者：Lee, Stephen M. S.; Soleymani, Mehdi
作者单位：University of Hong Kong
摘要：Suppose that two estimators, (theta) over cap (S,n) and (theta) over cap (N,n), are available for estimating an unknown parameter theta, and are known to have convergence rates n(1/2) and r(n) = o(n(1/2)), respectively, based on a sample of size n. Typically, the more efficient estimator (theta) over cap (S,n) is less robust than (theta) over cap (N,n), and a definitive choice cannot be easily made between them under practical circumstances. We propose a simple mixture estimator, in the form o...
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作者：Morgan, Kari Lock; Rubin, Donald B.
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Harvard University
摘要：When conducting a randomized experiment, if an allocation yields treatment groups that differ meaningfully with respect to relevant covariates, groups should be rerandomized. The process involves specifying an explicit criterion for whether an allocation is acceptable, based on a measure of covariate balance, and rerandomizing units until an acceptable allocation is obtained. Here, we illustrate how rerandomization could have improved the design of an already conducted randomized experiment on...
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作者：Xu, Jin; Chen, Jiajie; Qian, Peter Z. G.
作者单位：East China Normal University; Wells Fargo Company; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：The use of iteratively enlarged Latin hypercube designs for running computer experiments has recently gained popularity in practice. This approach conducts an initial experiment with a computer code using a Latin hypercube design and then runs a follow-up experiment with additional runs elaborately chosen so that the combined design set for the two experiments forms a larger Latin hypercube design. This augmenting process can be repeated multiple stages, where in each stage the augmented desig...
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作者：Chen, Hua Yun; Rader, Daniel E.; Li, Mingyao
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：A flexible semiparametric odds ratio model has been proposed to unify and to extend both the log-linear model and the joint normal model for data with a mix of discrete and continuous variables. The semiparametric odds ratio model is particularly useful for analyzing biased sampling designs. However, statistical inference of the model has not been systematically studied when more than one nonparametric component is involved in the model. In this article, we study the maximum semiparametric lik...
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作者：Hu, Yi-Juan; Sun, Wei; Tzeng, Jung-Ying; Perou, Charles M.
作者单位：Emory University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; North Carolina State University; National Cheng Kung University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：Studies of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) offer insight into the molecular mechanisms of loci that were found to be associated with complex diseases and the mechanisms can be classified into cis- and trans-acting regulation. At present, high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is rapidly replacing expression microarrays to assess gene expression abundance. Unlike microarrays that only measure the total expression of each gene, RNA-seq also provides information on allele-specific ex...
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作者：Lee, Juhee; Thall, Peter F.; Ji, Yuan; Mueller, Peter
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：This article proposes a phase I/II clinical trial design for adaptively and dynamically optimizing each patient's dose in each of two cycles of therapy based on the joint binary efficacy and toxicity outcomes in each cycle. A dose-outcome model is assumed that includes a Bayesian hierarchical latent variable structure to induce association among the outcomes and also facilitate posterior computation. Doses are chosen in each cycle based on posteriors of a model-based objective function, simila...
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作者：Preuss, Philip; Puchstein, Ruprecht; Dette, Holger
作者单位：Ruhr University Bochum
摘要：We propose a new nonparametric procedure (referred to as MuBreD) for the detection and estimation of multiple structural breaks in the autocovariance function of a multivariate (second-order) piecewise stationary process, which also identifies the components of the series where the breaks occur. MuBreD is based on a comparison of the estimated spectral distribution on different segments of the observed time series and consists of three steps: it starts with a consistent test, which allows us t...
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作者：Wu, C. F. Jeff
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：Fisher's pioneering work in design of experiments has inspired further work with broader applications, especially in industrial experimentation. This article discusses three topics in physical experiments: principles of effect hierarchy, sparsity, and heredity for factorial designs, a new method called conditional main effect (CME) for de-aliasing aliased effects, and robust parameter design. I also review the recent emergence of virtual experiments on a computer. Some major challenges in comp...
