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作者：FRYDENBERG, M; JENSEN, JL
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作者：KRZANOWSKI, WJ
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作者：BAGAI, I; DESHPANDE, JV; KOCHAR, SC
作者单位：Savitribai Phule Pune University; University of Iowa
摘要：The competing risks set-up is considered where an individual is subject to failure due to two independent competing risks. The available data consist of observed times to failure and the causes of failure. On the basis of this information, distribution-free tests are proposed for testing the equality of the two failure distributions against location, scale and general stochastic ordering alternatives. Locally most powerful rank tests are derived and a generalization of the Wilcoxon test has be...
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作者：WIEAND, S; GAIL, MH; JAMES, BR; JAMES, KL
作者单位：Mayo Clinic; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI)
摘要：In this paper we study a broad class of nonparametric statistics for comparing two diagnostic markers. One can compare the sensitivities of these diagnostic markers over restricted ranges of specificity by selecting an appropriate statistic from this class. As special cases, one can compare the entire area under the receiver-operator curve (Hanley and McNeil, 1982), or one can compare the sensitivities at a fixed common specificity. Usually we would recommend a comparison based on an average o...
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作者：HURVICH, CM; TSAI, CL
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis
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作者：CROWDER, M; SWEETING, T
摘要：A bivariate distribution is investigated in connection with an application in microbiology. It has binomial marginal and conditional distributions. The parameter structure is examined, and it is shown that a conjugate Bayesian prior distribution arises from prior independence specifications. Under these specifications the usual limiting conjugate prior can be obtained via invariance considerations.
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作者：THALL, PF; SIMON, R; ELLENBERG, SS
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI)
摘要：A two-stage design which selects the best of several experimental treatments and compares it to a standard control is proposed. The design allows early termination with acceptance of the global null hypothesis. Optimal sample size and cut-off parameters are obtained by minimizing expected total sample size for fixed significance level and power.
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作者：VENZON, DJ; MOOLGAVKAR, SH
摘要：Several parametric families of relative risk functions have been proposed as models for matched case-control and survival data. Some advantages accrue to those in which relative risks are invariant under arbitrary translations of the origin of the covariate space, such as in the reassignment of values to dichotomous factors. It is shown in this paper that the family proposed by Guerrero and Johnson, which includes the commonly-used exponential and linear relative risk functions, has the simple...
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作者：CHRISTENSEN, R; JOHNSON, W
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：The relationship between survival times and covariates is modelled via the accelerated failure time model with a Dirichlet process prior assumed for the underlying baseline survival function. Emphasis is placed on estimating the survival distribution for future individuals with given covariates. A method of estimating regression coefficients which uses the marginal distribution for observed censored data is given. The proposed procedures are shown to perform reasonably on two artificial data s...
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作者：MULLER, HG; STADTMULLER, U
作者单位：Ulm University
