6742期

最新文章

• INFECTIOUS DISEASES NIH cancels research grants for COVID-19 and future pandemics AI翻译
  作者：Cohen, Jon
• Vaccine-enhanced competition permits rational bacterial strain replacement in the gut AI翻译
  作者：Lentsch, Verena; Woller, Aurore; Rocker, Andrea; Aslani, Selma; Moresi, Claudia; Ruoho, Niina; Larsson, Louise; Fattinger, Stefan A.; Wenner, Nicolas; Barazzone, Elisa Cappio; Hardt, Wolf-Dietrich; Loverdo, Claude; Diard, Mederic; Slack, Emma
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Oxford; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Libre de Bruxelles; University of Basel; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Uppsala University; University of Oxford
  摘要：Colonization of the intestinal lumen precedes invasive infection for a wide range of enteropathogenic and opportunistic pathogenic bacteria. We show that combining oral vaccination with engineered or selected niche-competitor strains permits pathogen exclusion and strain replacement in the mouse gut lumen. This approach can be applied either prophylactically to prevent invasion of nontyphoidal Salmonella strains, or therapeutically to displace an established Escherichia coli. Both intact adapt...
• Geophysics AI翻译
  作者：Hilal, Ibrahem Hamed Ibrahem
• African cancer database debuts AI翻译
  作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
• Human high-order thalamic nuclei gate conscious perception through the thalamofrontal loop AI翻译
  作者：Fang, Zepeng; Dang, Yuanyuan; Ping, An'an; Wang, Chenyu; Zhao, Qianchuan; Zhao, Hulin; Li, Xiaoli; Zhang, Mingsha
  作者单位：Beijing Normal University; Beijing Normal University; Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital; Tsinghua University; Pazhou Lab
  摘要：Human high-order thalamic nuclei activity is known to closely correlate with conscious states. However, it is not clear how those thalamic nuclei and thalamocortical interactions directly contribute to the transient process of human conscious perception. We simultaneously recorded stereoelectroencephalography data from the thalamic nuclei and prefrontal cortex (PFC), while patients with implanted electrodes performed a visual consciousness task. Compared with the ventral nuclei and PFC, the in...
• Extensive compositionality in the vocal system of bonobos AI翻译
  作者：Berthet, M.; Surbeck, M.; Townsend, S. W.
  作者单位：University of Zurich; University of Zurich; University of Zurich; Harvard University; Max Planck Society; University of Warwick
  摘要：Compositionality, the capacity to combine meaningful elements into larger meaningful structures, is a hallmark of human language. Compositionality can be trivial (the combination's meaning is the sum of the meaning of its parts) or nontrivial (one element modifies the meaning of the other element). Recent studies have suggested that animals lack nontrivial compositionality, representing a key discontinuity with language. In this work, using methods borrowed from distributional semantics, we in...
• A geological timescale for bacterial evolution and oxygen adaptation AI翻译
  作者：Davin, Adrian A.; Woodcroft, Ben J.; Soo, Rochelle M.; Morel, Benoit; Murali, Ranjani; Schrempf, Dominik; Clark, James W.; lvarez-Carretero, Sandra; Boussau, Bastien; Moody, Edmund R. R.; Szantho, Lenard L.; Richy, Etienne; Pisani, Davide; Hemp, James; Fischer, Woodward W.; Donoghue, Philip C. J.; Spang, Anja; Hugenholtz, Philip; Williams, Tom A.; Szoellosi, Gergely J.
  作者单位：University of Queensland; Eotvos Lorand University; University of Tokyo; Queensland University of Technology (QUT); University of Queensland; Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies; Helmholtz Association; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology; Eotvos Lorand University; University of Bristol; University of Bath; VetAgro Sup; Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Bristol; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research; Okinawa Institute of Science & Technology Graduate University; Utrecht University; Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ); University of Amsterdam
  摘要：Microbial life has dominated Earth's history but left a sparse fossil record, greatly hindering our understanding of evolution in deep time. However, bacterial metabolism has left signatures in the geochemical record, most conspicuously the Great Oxidation Event (GOE). We combine machine learning and phylogenetic reconciliation to infer ancestral bacterial transitions to aerobic lifestyles, linking them to the GOE to calibrate the bacterial time tree. Extant bacterial phyla trace their diversi...
• Sociology AI翻译
  作者：Mostafa, Alaa
• ANIMAL BEHAVIOR 'Uniquely human' language capacity found in bonobos AI翻译
  作者：O'Grady, Cathleen
• Superior resistance to cyclic creep in a gradient structured steel AI翻译
  作者：Pan, Qingsong; Ding, Kunqing; Guo, Song; Lu, Ning; Tao, Nairong; Zhu, Ting; Lu, Lei
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Metal Research, CAS; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Shandong University
  摘要：Cyclic creep, or ratcheting, is a severe form of fatigue deformation caused by cumulative unidirectional plastic strain under asymmetrical stress cycling with a nonzero mean stress. It often causes premature failure of structural materials, and enhancing ratcheting resistance is a challenge in materials engineering. We demonstrate superior ratcheting resistance in high-strength austenitic stainless steel with a gradient hierarchy of dislocation cells. The ratcheting rate is two to four orders ...