作者：Fannin, Luke D.; Seyoum, Chalachew M.; Venkataraman, Vivek V.; Yeakel, Justin D.; Janis, Christine M.; Cerling, Thure E.; Dominy, Nathaniel J.
作者单位：Dartmouth College; Dartmouth College; University of Arizona; University of Calgary; University of California System; University of California Merced; The Santa Fe Institute; Brown University; University of Bristol; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Dartmouth College
摘要：Dietary shifts and corresponding morphological changes can sometimes evolve in succession, not concurrently-an evolutionary process called behavioral drive. Detecting behavioral drive in the fossil record is challenging because it is difficult to measure behaviors independently from corresponding morphologies. To solve this problem, we focused on a puzzling behavior in the fossil record of some primates: eating graminoid plants. We report carbon and oxygen isotope ratios from fossil cercopithe...
作者：Bommasani, Rishi; Arora, Sanjeev; Chayes, Jennifer; Choi, Yejin; Cuellar, Mariano-Florentino; Fei-Fei, Li; Ho, Daniel E.; Jurafsky, Dan; Koyejo, Sanmi; Lakkaraju, Hima; Narayanan, Arvind; Nelson, Alondra; Pierson, Emma; Pineau, Joelle; Singer, Scott; Varoquaux, Gael; Venkatasubramanian, Suresh; Stoica, Ion; Liang, Percy; Song, Dawn
作者单位：Stanford University; Princeton University; Princeton University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Harvard University; Harvard University; Princeton University; Institute for Advanced Study - USA; Institute for Advanced Study - USA; McGill University; University of Oxford; Brown University; Brown University
作者：Cruz-Zaragoza, Luis Daniel; Dahal, Drishan; Koschel, Mats; Boshnakovska, Angela; Zheenbekova, Aiturgan; Yilmaz, Mehmet; Morgenstern, Marcel; Dohrke, Jan-Niklas; Bender, Julian; Valpadashi, Anusha; Henningfeld, Kristine A.; Oeljeklaus, Silke; Kremer, Laura Sophie; Breuer, Mirjam; Urbach, Oliver; Dennerlein, Sven; Lidschreiber, Michael; Jakobs, Stefan; Warscheid, Bettina; Rehling, Peter
作者单位：University of Gottingen; University of Gottingen Hospital; University of Wurzburg; University of Gottingen; University of Gottingen Hospital; University of Gottingen
摘要：Mitochondria fulfill central functions in metabolism and energy supply. They express their own genome, which encodes key subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system. However, the central mechanisms underlying mitochondrial gene expression remain enigmatic, and a lack of suitable technologies to target mitochondrial protein synthesis in cells has limited experimental access. We silenced the translation of specific mitochondrial mRNAs in living human cells by delivering synthetic peptide-mo...
作者：Steinwand, Susan; Horndli, Cornelia Stacher; Ferris, Elliott; Emery, Jared; Gonzalez Murcia, Josue D.; Rodriguez, Adriana Cristina; Spotswood, Riley J.; Chaix, Amandine; Thomas, Alun; Davey, Crystal; Gregg, Christopher
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
摘要：Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) drive phenotypic diversity, yet how CREs are causally linked to function remains largely unclear. Our study elucidates functions for conserved cis elements associated with the evolution of mammalian hibernation and metabolic flexibility. Genomic analyses revealed topologically associated domains (TADs) enriched for convergent changes in hibernators, including the Fat Mass & Obesity (Fto) locus. In this TAD, we uncovered genetic circuits for metabolic responses an...
作者：Willis, Jordan R.; Prabhakaran, Madhu; Muthui, Michelle; Naidoo, Ansuya; Sincomb, Troy; Wu, Weiwei; Cottrell, Christopher A.; Landais, Elise; deCamp, Allan C.; Keshavarzi, Nahid R.; Kalyuzhniy, Oleksandr; Lee, Jeong Hyun; Murungi, Linda M.; Ogonda, Wilfrida A.; Yates, Nicole L.; Corcoran, Martin M.; Phulera, Swastik; Musando, Joel; Tsai, Amanda; Lemire, Gabrielle; Sein, Yiakon; Muteti, Michael; Alamuri, Praveen; Bohl, Jennifer A.; Holman, Drienna; Himansu, Sunny; Leav, Brett; Reuter, Caroline; Lin, Li-An; Ding, Baoyu; He, Chunla; Straus, Walter L.; MacPhee, Kellie J.; Regadas, Isabel; Nyabundi, Diana V.; Chirchir, Ruth; Anzala, Omu; Kimotho, John N.; Kibet, Caleb; Greene, Kelli; Gao, Hongmei; Beatman, Erica; Benson, Kiara; Laddy, Dominick; Brown, David M.; Bronson, Rhianna; Jean-Baptiste, Jalen; Gajjala, Suprabhath; Rikhtegaran-Tehrani, Zahra; Benner, Alison; Ramaswami, Mukundhan; Lu, Danny; Alavi, Nushin; Amirzehni, Sonya; Kubitz, Michael; Tingle, Ryan; Georgeson, Erik; Phelps, Nicole; Adachi, Yumiko; Liguori, Alessia; Flynn, Claudia; McKenney, Katherine; Zhou, Xiaoya; Owuor, D. Collins; Owuor, Sharon A.; Kim, Soo-Young; Duff, Michael; Kim, Ju Yeong; Gibson, Grace; Baboo, Sabyasachi; Diedrich, Jolene; Schiffner, Torben; Shields, Marisa; Matsoso, Mabela; Santos, Jennifer; Syvertsen, Kristen; Kennedy, Allison; Schroeter, Melissa; Vekemans, Johan; Yates III, John R.; Paulson, James C.; Hyrien, Ollivier; Mcdermott, Adrian B.; Maenetje, Pholo; Nyombayire, Julien; Karita, Etienne; Ingabire, Rosine; Edward, Vinodh; Muturi-Kioi, Vincent; Maenza, Janine; Shapiro, Adrienne E.; Mcelrath, M. Juliana; Edupuganti, Srilatha; Taylor, Barbara S.; Diemert, David; Ozorowski, Gabriel; Koup, Richard A.; Montefiori, David; Ward, Andrew B.; Karlsson Hedestam, Gunilla B.; Tomaras, Georgia; Hunt, Devin J.; Muema, Daniel; Sok, Devin; Laufer, Dagna S.; Andrews, Sarah F.; Nduati, Eunice W.; Schief, William R.
作者单位：Scripps Research Institute; Scripps Research Institute; Scripps Research Institute; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID); Kenya Medical Research Institute; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative; Duke University; Duke University; Duke University; Karolinska Institutet; Scripps Research Institute; University of Nairobi; Duke University; Sanofi-Aventis; Sanofi USA; Vanderbilt University; University of Kwazulu Natal; University of Texas System; University of Texas at San Antonio; George Washington University; George Washington University
摘要：A leading HIV vaccine strategy requires a priming immunogen to induce broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) precursors, followed by a series of heterologous boosters to elicit somatic hypermutation (SHM) and produce bnAbs. In two randomized, open-label phase 1 human clinical trials, IAVI G002 in the United States and IAVI G003 in Rwanda and South Africa (IAVI, International Aids Vaccine Initiative), we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of mRNA-encoded nanoparticles as priming immunogens (...
