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作者：Qi, Jiaxuan; Schreiner, Drew C.; Martinez, Miles; Pearson, John; Mooney, Richard
作者单位：Duke University; Duke University; Duke University
摘要：Although learning in response to extrinsic reinforcement is theorized to be driven by dopamine signals that encode the difference between expected and experienced rewards1,2, skills that enable verbal or musical expression can be learned without extrinsic reinforcement. Instead, spontaneous execution of these skills is thought to be intrinsically reinforcing3,4. Whether dopamine signals similarly guide learning of these intrinsically reinforced behaviours is unknown. In juvenile zebra finches ...
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作者：Tollefson, Jeff; Garisto, Dan; Kozlov, Max; Witze, Alexandra
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Peijnenburg, Willie
作者单位：Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Netherlands National Institute for Public Health & the Environment
摘要：Evidence for a previously overlooked route for microplastics to enter crops and reach plant tissues has implications for ecology and human health.
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作者：Mosharov, Eugene V.; Rosenberg, Ayelet M.; Monzel, Anna S.; Osto, Corey A.; Stiles, Linsey; Rosoklija, Gorazd B.; Dwork, Andrew J.; Bindra, Snehal; Junker, Alex; Zhang, Ya; Fujita, Masashi; Mariani, Madeline B.; Bakalian, Mihran; Sulzer, David; De Jager, Philip L.; Menon, Vilas; Shirihai, Orian S.; Mann, J. John; Underwood, Mark D.; Boldrini, Maura; Thiebaut de Schotten, Michel; Picard, Martin
作者单位：NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital; Columbia University; New York State Psychiatry Institute; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California Los Angeles Medical Center; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Columbia University; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital; Columbia University; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital; Columbia University; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital; Columbia University; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital; Columbia University; Columbia University; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); CEA; Universite de Bordeaux; Columbia University; NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital; Columbia University
摘要：Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) powers brain activity(1,2), and mitochondrial defects are linked to neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders(3,4). To understand the basis of brain activity and behaviour, there is a need to define the molecular energetic landscape of the brain(5-10). Here, to bridge the scale gap between cognitive neuroscience and cell biology, we developed a physical voxelization approach to partition a frozen human coronal hemisphere section into 703 ...
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作者：Kapadia, Chiraag D.; Williams, Nicholas; Dawson, Kevin J.; Watson, Caroline; Yousefzadeh, Matthew J.; Le, Duy; Nyamondo, Kudzai; Kodavali, Sreeya; Cagan, Alex; Waldvogel, Sarah; Zhang, Xiaoyan; de la Fuente, Josephine; Leongamornlert, Daniel; Mitchell, Emily; Florez, Marcus A.; Sosnowski, Krzysztof; Aguilar, Rogelio; Martell, Alejandra; Guzman, Anna; Harrison, David; Niedernhofer, Laura J.; King, Katherine Y.; Campbell, Peter J.; Blundell, Jamie; Goodell, Margaret A.; Nangalia, Jyoti
作者单位：Baylor College of Medicine; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; University of Cambridge; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Columbia University; Baylor College of Medicine; University of Cambridge; University of Cambridge; Jackson Laboratory
摘要：Haematopoietic stem cells maintain blood production throughout life1. Although extensively characterized using the laboratory mouse, little is known about clonal selection and population dynamics of the haematopoietic stem cell pool during murine ageing. We isolated stem cells and progenitors from young and old mice, identifying 221,890 somatic mutations genome-wide in 1,845 single-cell-derived colonies. Mouse stem cells and progenitors accrue approximately 45 somatic mutations per year, a rat...
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作者：Dolgin, Elie
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作者：Zhong, Yifan
作者单位：University of Western Australia
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作者：Zhang, Yiran; Shavit, Gal; Ma, Huiyang; Han, Youngjoon; Siu, Chi Wang; Mukherjee, Ankan; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; Hsieh, David; Lewandowski, Cyprian; von Oppen, Felix; Oreg, Yuval; Nadj-Perge, Stevan
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology; State University System of Florida; Florida State University; State University System of Florida; Florida State University; National Institute for Materials Science; Free University of Berlin; Free University of Berlin; Weizmann Institute of Science
摘要：The relative twist angle between layers of near-lattice-matched van der Waals materials is critical for the emergent phenomena associated with moir & eacute; flat bands1, 2-3. However, the concept of angle rotation control is not exclusive to moir & eacute; superlattices in which electrons directly experience a twist-angle-dependent periodic potential. Instead, it can also be used to induce programmable symmetry-breaking perturbations with the goal of stabilizing desired correlated states. Her...
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作者：Tian, Yuan; Feng, Tingting; Zhang, Jun; Meng, Qingren; Zhan, Wenxin; Tang, Ming; Liu, Chaohua; Li, Mengyan; Tao, Wenhui; Shu, Yuxin; Zhang, Yu; Chen, Feng; Takeda, Shunichi; Zhu, Qian; Lu, Xiaopeng; Zhu, Wei-Guo
作者单位：Shenzhen University; Tongji University; Fudan University; Wannan Medical College; Peking University
摘要：The formation of accessible chromatin around DNA double-strand breaks is essential for their efficient repair1. Although the linker histone H1 is known to facilitate higher-order chromatin compaction2,3, the mechanisms by which H1 modifications regulate chromatin relaxation in response to DNA damage are unclear. Here we show that CTP synthase 1 (CTPS1)-catalysed deamidation of H1 asparagine residues 76 and 77 triggers the sequential acetylation of lysine 75 following DNA damage, and this dual ...
