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作者：Gallego, Guillermo; Sahin, Oezge
作者单位：Columbia University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We introduce and analyze an intertemporal choice model where customer valuations are uncertain and evolve over time. The model leads directly to the study of call options on capacity that are similar to partially refundable fares. We show that the capacity provider earns significantly higher revenues by selling real options on capacity than on low-to-high pricing. We also investigate the social implications and show that the use of options is both socially optimal and socially efficient.
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作者：Leder, Nicole; Heidergott, Bernd; Hordijk, Arie
作者单位：University of Hamburg; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University
摘要：We present an update formula that allows the expression of the deviation matrix of a continuous-time Markov process with denumerable state space having generator matrix Q* through a continuous-time Markov process with generator matrix Q. We show that under suitable stability conditions the algorithm converges at a geometric rate. By applying the concept to three different examples, namely, the M/M/1 queue with vacations, the M/G/1 queue, and a tandem network, we illustrate the broad applicabil...
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作者：Pasupathy, Raghu
作者单位：Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
摘要：The stochastic root-finding problem is that of finding a zero of a vector-valued function known only through a stochastic simulation. The simulation-optimization problem is that of locating a real-valued function's minimum, again with only a stochastic simulation that generates function estimates. Retrospective approximation (RA) is a sample-path technique for solving such problems, where the solution to the underlying problem is approached via solutions to a sequence of approximate determinis...
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作者：Anily, Shoshana; Haviv, Moshe
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：We consider a number of servers that may improve the efficiency of the system by pooling their service capacities to serve the union of the individual streams of customers. This economies-of-scope phenomenon is due to the reduction in the steady-state mean total number of customers in the system. The question we pose is how the servers should split among themselves the cost of the pooled system. When the individual incoming streams of customers form Poisson processes and individual service tim...
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作者：Shlakhter, Oleksandr; Lee, Chi-Guhn; Khmelev, Dmitry; Jaber, Nasser
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作者：Heydenreich, Birgit; Muller, Rudolf; Uetz, Marc
作者单位：Maastricht University; University of Twente
摘要：Traditional optimization models assume a central decision maker who optimizes a global system performance measure. However, problem data is often distributed among several agents, and agents make autonomous decisions. This gives incentives for strategic behavior of agents, possibly leading to suboptimal system performance. Furthermore, in dynamic environments, machines are locally dispersed and administratively independent. Examples are found both in business and engineering applications. We i...
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作者：Garcia, Alfredo; Shen, Zhijiang
作者单位：University of Virginia
摘要：In critical energy infrastructure sectors (e.g., electric power generation, natural gas transportation, oil-refining capacity), maintaining a certain level of excess capacity is socially valuable (because it serves to protect against unexpected market conditions) but not necessarily compatible with the incentives for individual firms in the market. In this paper, we develop a dynamic oligopoly model with a stochastically growing demand to analyze the inherent tension in market-based incentives...
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作者：Hall, Nicholas G.; Liu, Zhixin
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We consider a multiple product supply chain where a manufacturer receives orders from several distributors. If the orders cannot all be met from available production capacity, then the manufacturer allocates that capacity and a set of resubmittable orders among the distributors. The distributors may share their allocated capacity among themselves before submitting revised orders. Finally, the manufacturer schedules the revised orders to minimize its cost. We consider three practical coordinati...
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作者：Downward, A.; Zakeri, G.; Philpottt, A. B.
作者单位：University of Auckland
摘要：We consider electricity pool markets in radial transmission networks in which the lines have capacities. At each node there is a strategic generator injecting generation quantities into the pool. Prices are determined by a linear competitive fringe at each node (or equivalently a linear demand function) through a convex dispatch optimization. We derive a set of linear inequalities satisfied by the line capacities that gives necessary and sufficient conditions for the unconstrained one-shot Cou...
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作者：Horner, Johannes; Rosenberg, Dinah; Solan, Eilon; Vieille, Nicolas
作者单位：Yale University; Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC) Paris; Tel Aviv University
摘要：We apply the average cost optimality equation to zero-sum Markov games by considering a simple game with one-sided incomplete information that generalizes an example of Aumann and Maschler [Aumann, R. J., M. B. Maschler. 1995. Repeated Games with Incomplete Information. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA]. We determine the value and identify the optimal strategies for a range of parameters.
