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作者：McGahan, Anita M.; Pongeluppe, Leandro S.
作者单位：University of Toronto; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：How do firms address complex collective action problems effectively? Institutional and stakeholder research suggests that firms may avoid the tragedy of the commons by aligning the interests of critical proximate stakeholders in ways that governments cannot accomplish. This phenomenological paper investigates this possibility by analyzing Amazon rainforest preservation by Natura, a Brazilian cosmetics company. The results indicate that Natura internalized environmental externalities by linking...
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作者：Fisher, Geoffrey
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：Whether to purchase a product is of fundamental importance to marketing, but purchasing behaviors vary widely across individuals and contexts. This paper proposes that a sizeable fraction of this variation is associated with differences in the time at which a product's desirability and its price are processed and utilized by consumers. To test this hypothesis, participants purchased different products while their mouse cursor movements associated with purchasing an option were recorded across ...
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作者：Cohen-Zada, Danny; Dayag, Itay; Gershoni, Naomi
作者单位：Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We exploit a unique data set from the Israeli Professional Football Leagues that provides high-frequency direct measures of players' effort to estimate effort peer effects in a high-skill collaborative team task. Using two complementary identification strategies, we find robust evidence of substantial positive peer effects. Our findings highlight that effort spillovers play an important role in team production and that even a change in just one worker's effort can substantially influence team ...
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作者：Cheung, Wang Chi; Simchi-Levi, David; Zhu, Ruihao
作者单位：National University of Singapore; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Cornell University
摘要：Motivated by operations research applications, such as inventory control and real-time bidding, we consider undiscounted reinforcement learning in Markov decision processes under model uncertainty and temporal drifts. In this setting, both the latent reward and state transition distributions are allowed to evolve over time, as long as their respective total variations, quantified by suitable metrics, do not exceed certain variation budgets. We first develop the sliding window upper confidence ...
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作者：Manshadi, Vahideh; Niazadeh, Rad; Rodilitz, Scott
作者单位：Yale University; University of Chicago; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：We study the allocative challenges that governmental and nonprofit organizations face when tasked with equitable and efficient rationing of a social good among agents whose needs (demands) realize sequentially and are possibly correlated. As one example, early in the COVID-19 pandemic, the Federal Emergency Management Agency faced overwhelming, temporally scattered, a priori uncertain, and correlated demands for medical supplies from different states. In such contexts, social planners aim to m...
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作者：Ai, Wei; Chen, Yan; Mei, Qiaozhu; Ye, Jieping; Zhang, Lingyu
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Tsinghua University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Shandong University
摘要：The gig economy provides workers with the benefits of autonomy and flexibility but at the expense of work identity and coworker bonds. Among the many reasons why gig workers leave their platforms, one unexplored aspect is the lack of an organization identity. In this study, we develop a team formation and interteam contest field experiment at a ride-sharing platform. We assign drivers to teams either randomly or based on similarity in age, hometown location, or productivity. Having these teams...
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作者：Papanastasiou, Yiangos; Yang, S. Alex; Zhang, Angela Huyue
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of London; London Business School; University of Hong Kong
摘要：We study the relative merits of different dispute resolution mechanisms in two-sided platforms in the context of disputes involving malicious reviews and blackmail. We develop a game-theoretic model of the strategic interactions between a seller and a (potentially malicious) consumer. In our model, the seller takes into account the impact of consumer reviews on his future earnings; recognizing this, a malicious consumer may attempt to blackmail the seller by purchasing the product, posting a n...
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作者：Fahn, Matthias
作者单位：Johannes Kepler University Linz; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：This paper analyzes a dynamic relational contract for employees with reciprocal preferences. A model of a long-term employment relationship is developed that implies that generous upfront wages activate the norm of reciprocity and then are more important when an employee is close to retirement. In earlier stages, direct incentives promising a bonus in exchange for effort are more effective. Hence, direct and reciprocity-based incentives reinforce each other and should be used in combination. M...
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作者：Wei, Chishen; Zhang, Lei
作者单位：Hong Kong Polytechnic University; City University of Hong Kong
摘要：This paper studies the effect of trust on the perceived credibility of earnings news. Using earnings response coefficients, we find that firms located in low-trust regions of the United States experience significantly lower stock price reactions to earnings news. Additional tests indicate that managers can counterbalance investors' dependence on trust by employing reputable auditors or signaling the quality of their earnings using dividends to improve the perceived credibility of their financi...
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作者：Forbes, Silks J.; Kosova, Renata
作者单位：Tufts University; Imperial College London
摘要：We analyze how changes in the market structure of one industry-airlines-affect the performance of firms in a complementary industry-hotels-using an instrumental variables strategy to account for potential correlation between unobserved shocks to both markets. We find that more intense airline competition boosts hotel performance across all standard measures: price, occupancy rate, and revenue per available room. Spillovers vary across hotel quality and passenger type: Lower-quality branded hot...
