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作者：Siegel, Jordan I.; Larson, Barbara Zepp
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：Although one of the central questions in the global strategy field is how multinational firms successfully navigate multiple and often conflicting institutional environments, we know relatively little about the effect of conflicting labor market institutions on multinational firms' strategic choice and operating performance. With its decision to invest in manufacturing operations in nearly every one of the world's largest welding markets, Lincoln Electric offers us a quasi-experiment. We lever...
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作者：Casas-Arce, Pablo; Martinez-Jerez, F. Asis
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University; University of Navarra; Harvard University
摘要：Contests (or tournaments) are pervasive in organizations. They help performance evaluation by eliminating common shocks affecting agents' performance. However, tournaments are less effective when participants have heterogeneous ability because participants may conclude that the ability gap is too large to be overcome by their effort. Our theoretical analysis shows that a similar loss of motivation arises when tournaments take place over multiple periods because interim performance acts in a wa...
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作者：Atkinson, Michael P.; Guetz, Adam; Wein, Lawrence M.
作者单位：United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; Naval Postgraduate School; Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：We develop a dynamic model in which Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) servicemembers incur a random amount of combat stress during each month of deployment, develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) if their cumulative stress exceeds a servicemember-specific threshold, and then develop symptoms of PTSD after an additional time lag. Using Department of Defense deployment data and Mental Health Advisory Team PTSD survey data to calibrate the model, we predict that-because of the long time lags an...
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作者：Yuan, Zhushun; Chen, Gemai
作者单位：University of Calgary
摘要：Empirical martingale simulation (EMS) was proposed by Duan and Simonato (Duan, J.-C., J.-G. Simonato. 1998. Empirical martingale simulation for asset prices. Management Sci. 44(9) 1218-1233) as an adjustment to the standard Monte Carlo simulation to reduce simulation errors. The EMS price estimator of derivative contracts was shown to be asymptotically normally distributed in Duan et al. (Duan, J.-C., G. Gauthier, J.-G. Simonato. 2001. Asymptotic distribution of the EMS option price estimator....
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作者：Boone, Christophe; Hendriks, Walter
作者单位：University of Antwerp; Maastricht University
摘要：Past research on the relationship between top management team (TMT) compositional diversity and organizational performance has paid insufficient attention to the nature of TMT team processes in interaction with TMT diversity. We fill this gap by studying how three team mechanisms (collaborative behavior, accurate information exchange, and decision-making decentralization) moderate the impact of TMT diversity on financial performance of 33 information technology firms. We focus on two fundament...
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作者：Ata, Baris; Van Mieghem, Jan A.
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：We investigate how dynamic resource substitution in service systems impacts capacity requirements and responsiveness. Inspired by the contrasting network strategies of FedEx and United Parcel Service (UPS), we study when two service classes (e. g., express or regular) should be served by dedicated resources (e. g., air or ground) or by an integrated network (e. g., air also serves regular). Using call center terminology, the question is whether to operate two independent queues or one N-networ...
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作者：Ghose, Anindya; Yang, Sha
作者单位：New York University; Southwest Jiaotong University
摘要：The phenomenon of sponsored search advertising-where advertisers pay a fee to Internet search engines to be displayed alongside organic (nonsponsored) Web search results-is gaining ground as the largest source of revenues for search engines. Using a unique six-month panel data set of several hundred keywords collected from a large nationwide retailer that advertises on Google, we empirically model the relationship between different sponsored search metrics such as click-through rates, conversi...
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作者：DeMiguel, Victor; Garlappi, Lorenzo; Nogales, Francisco J.; Uppal, Raman
作者单位：University of London; London Business School; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
摘要：We provide a general framework for finding portfolios that perform well out-of-sample in the presence of estimation error. This framework relies on solving the traditional minimum-variance problem but subject to the additional constraint that the norm of the portfolio-weight vector be smaller than a given threshold. We show that our framework nests as special cases the shrinkage approaches of Jagannathan and Ma (Jagannathan, R., T. Ma. 2003. Risk reduction in large portfolios: Why imposing the...
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作者：Pang, Guodong; Whitt, Ward
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：Large-scale service systems, where many servers respond to high demand, are appealing because they can provide great economy of scale, producing a high quality of service with high efficiency. Customer waiting times can be short, with a majority of customers served immediately upon arrival, while server utilizations remain close to 100%. However, we show that this confluence of quality and efficiency is not achieved without risk, because there can be severe congestion if the system does not op...
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作者：Huddart, Steven; Lang, Mark; Yetman, Michelle H.
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：We provide large sample evidence that past price extremes influence investors' trading decisions. Volume is strikingly higher, in both economic and statistical terms, when the stock price crosses either the upper or lower limit of its past trading range. This increase in volume is more pronounced the longer the time since the stock price last achieved the price extreme, the smaller the firm, the higher the individual investor interest in the stock, and the greater the ambiguity regarding valua...
