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作者：Cohen, Maxime C.; Kalas, Jeremy J.; Perakis, Georgia
作者单位：McGill University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Promotions are a critical decision for supermarket managers, who must decide the price promotions for a large number of items. Retailers often use promotions to boost the sales of the different items by leveraging the cross-item effects. We formulate the promotion optimization problem for multiple items as a nonlinear integer program. Our formulation includes several business rules as constraints. Our demand models can be estimated from data and capture the postpromotion dip effect and cross-i...
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作者：Kim, Jaehyeon; Kim, Yongtae; Zhou, Jian
作者单位：Ajou University; Santa Clara University; Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa
摘要：Linguistics research shows that languages differ as to how they differentiate future from present events. Economics research finds that when the grammatical structure of a language disassociates the future from the present, speakers of the language also disassociate the future from the present in their behaviors. This study examines how linguistically induced time perception relates to cross-country variation in investment efficiency. We find that underinvestment is less prevalent in countries...
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作者：Marshall, Guillermo; Parra, Alvaro
作者单位：University of British Columbia
摘要：Price announcements-similar to the ones made by tech firms at media events-are effective in deterring innovation. By announcing (and setting) a high price, a firm increases its rivals' short-run profits, reducing the rival firms' incentives to innovate by magnifying their Arrow's replacement effect. We show that the equilibrium prices are greater and research and development (R&D) investments lower relative to when price announcements cannot be used strategically. We call this the R&D deterren...
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作者：Buell, Ryan W.; Kalkanci, Basak
作者单位：Harvard University; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：Amid growing calls for transparency and social and environmental responsibility, companies are employing different strategies to improve consumer perceptions of their brands. Some pursue internal initiatives that reduce their negative social or environmental impacts through responsible operations practices (such as paying a living wage to workers or engaging in environmentally sustainable manufacturing). Others pursue external responsibility initiatives (such as philanthropy or cause-related m...
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作者：Yang, Chaolin; Hu, Zhenyu; Zhou, Sean X.
作者单位：Shanghai University of Finance & Economics; National University of Singapore; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：We study a multilocation newsvendor model with a retailer owning multiple retail stores, each of which is operated by a manager who decides the order quantity for filling random customer demand of a product. Store managers and the retailer are all risk averse, but managers are more risk averse than the retailer. We adopt conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) as the performance measure and consider two alternative strategies to improve the system's performance. First, the retailer centralizes the or...
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作者：Ben-David, Itzhak; Franzoni, Francesco; Moussawi, Rabih; Sedunov, John
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Universita della Svizzera Italiana; University of Geneva; Villanova University
摘要：Large institutional investors own an increasing share of the equity markets in the United States. The implications of this development for financial markets are still unclear. The paper presents novel empirical evidence that ownership by large institutions predicts higher volatility and greater noise in stock prices as well as greater fragility in times of crisis. When studying the channel, we find that large institutional investors exhibit traits of granularity (i.e., subunits within a firm d...
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作者：Luo, Hong; Macher, Jeffrey; Wahlen, Michael
作者单位：Harvard University; Georgetown University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：We study a novel, low-cost approach to aggregating judgment from a large number of industry experts on ideas that they encounter in their normal course of business. Our context is the movie industry, in which customer appeal is difficult to predict and investment costs are high. The Black List, an annual publication, ranks unproduced scripts based on anonymous nominations from film executives. This approach entails an inherent trade-off: Low participation costs enable high response rates, but ...
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作者：Graves, Stephen C.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：In this paper, I provide some observations on how the academic field of operations management has changed over the past 40 years. For this purpose, I have identified and classified the operations management (OM) papers published in Management Science in 1976 and in 2016. From this review, I comment on what's changed, what's new, and what we might see in the future. In reflecting on these changes, I also document and discuss how the OM editorial structure and mission have evolved at Management ...
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作者：Dhingra, Vibhuti; Krishnan, Harish
作者单位：University of British Columbia
摘要：When a supplier fails to comply with social and environmental standards, the buyer's reputation suffers. Reputation costs can typically be very high for the buyer, whereas the supplier's liability is often limited. Conventional procurement strategies such as dual sourcing mitigate the buyer's operational risk, but they often do so at the expense of increasing its reputation risk and sourcing costs. In this paper, we propose a risk-sharing contract for managing the buyer's reputation concerns. ...
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作者：Elmachtoub, Adam N.; Hamilton, Michael L.
作者单位：Columbia University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：We study the power of selling opaque products, that is, products where a feature (such as color) is hidden from the customer until after purchase. Opaque products, which are sold with a price discount, have emerged as a powerful vehicle to increase revenue for many online retailers and service providers that offer horizontally differentiated items. In the opaque selling models we consider, all of the items are sold at a single common price alongside opaque products that may correspond to vario...
