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作者：DEWITT, RL
摘要：This paper examines the impact of downsizing strategy on dimensions and types of organizational structure. Four downsizing strategies are developed to address organization and environment decline. Understanding where and how these strategies modify an organization's activities helps clarify how downsizing impacts organization structure. Propositions are offered that show how downsizing can result in both mechanistic and organic shifts in organization structure. Mechanistic shifts are caused by...
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作者：ROSENBLATT, Z; ROGERS, KS; NORD, WR
作者单位：Claremont Colleges; Pitzer College; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida
摘要：Research on organizational decline suggests that some organizations cope with decline by becoming more rigid, while others become more flexible and risk taking. Few studies have examined the specific managerial activities that lead to the more flexible course. This study reanalyzes a case of organizational decline in a small midwestern school district that coped successfully by implementing a carefully structured participation process. Administrative leaders in the district, in particular the ...
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作者：BOLTON, MK
摘要：This study extends earlier empirical research into organizational decline which has found that substandard performance stimulates innovation in a wide range of manufacturing industries. Using data from 74 U.S. high technology firms, this research investigates the relationship between organizational performance and adoption of an organizational innovation, the decision to join an R&D consortium. The central premise of the study is that a firm's propensity to innovate fluctuates with organizatio...
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作者：GROVER, SL
摘要：Honesty is a key element of ethical behavior in organizations, yet has received little theoretical or empirical attention. This article derives a model of the antecedents of deception in organizations. Self-interest theories, such as agency theory, and prosocial behavior theories of behavior are reviewed and an argument developed that intrapersonal conflict may meld the divergent theories and explain lying in organizations. Role theory identifies potential sources of intrapersonal conflict in ...
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作者：MITCHELL, W; SINGH, K
摘要：This paper finds that industry incumbents that do not expand into new technical subfields tend to fare poorly in their established businesses, even if the market for the established products continues to exist. Firms that expand from their established businesses survive longer and achieve greater subsequent market share than competitors that do not expand. By some measures, however, a failed attempt to expand into a new subfield may be even more harmful to a base business than nonexpansion. Th...
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作者：BIES, RJ; TYLER, TR
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：A ''litigation mentality'' increasingly pervades today's workplace, as an ever wider variety of managerial decisions are the target of employee-initiated lawsuits. In this paper we identify different psychological factors that could explain why employees consider suing their employers. One group of factors suggests that employee consideration of litigation is motivated primarily by self-interest, as employers perceive they have more to gain than lose by going to court. A second group of factor...
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作者：NEAR, JP; DWORKIN, TM; MICELI, MP
作者单位：Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University
摘要：Review of research concerning whistle-blowing suggests that legal sanctions have been singularly unsuccessful in encouraging whistle-blowing but that legalistic responses by organizations seem to have been somewhat more successful. Below, we review three sets of studies that illustrate this point. The first set includes federal employees, both before and after a legal change intended to encourage whistle-blowing. The second study examines the effects of state laws, by comparing states with whi...
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作者：RANGAN, VK; COREY, ER; CESPEDES, F
摘要：A bulk of the marketing research on distribution channel design attempts to resolve the question of when a direct company-owned sales operation would be preferred to an indirect independent distributor operation. The widely accepted theoretical rationale is provided by transaction-cost theory which indicates that the total costs of going-to-market, inclusive of distribution as well as its administration, is likely to be lower for the direct option when the sales transactions require investment...
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作者：NUTT, PC
摘要：One hundred and sixty-three decision cases were explored to determine how managers carry out formulation during organizational decision making. Four types of formulation processes were identified (called idea, issue, objective-directed, and reframing) as well as the tactics decision makers apply to carry out each process type. Decision adoption, merit, and duration were used to determine the success of each process and tactic. The implications of these findings for decision makers and research...
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作者：ASTLEY, WG; ZAMMUTO, RF
摘要：This paper examines the relationship between organization science and managerial practice. Science and practice are viewed as interdependent, yet semiautonomous, domains which engage in their own specialized forms of discourse or language games. The paper examines both the internal dynamics of these language games and the relationship between them. The analysis suggests a reinterpretation of the role played by organizational scientists in relation to practitioners. Organizational scientists sh...
