Organization Science

最新文章

• In the Short Term We Divide, in the Long Term We Unite: Demographic Crisscrossing and the Effects of Fault lines on Subgroup Polarization AI翻译
  作者：Maes, Michael; Flache, Andreas; Takacs, Karoly; Jehn, Karen A.
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Groningen; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences
  摘要：Do strong demographic faultlines breed opinion polarization in work teams? We integrate two theories that have been used to explain faultline effects. The first, the approach of Lau and Mumighan [Lau DC, Mumighan JK (1998) Demographic diversity and faultlines: The compositional dynamics of organizational groups. Acad. Management Rev. 23(4325-340], suggests that in teams with strong faultlines the mechanisms of homophilous selection of interaction partners and persuasive influence cause subgrou...
• When Do Firms Divest Foreign Operations? AI翻译
  作者：Berry, Heather
  作者单位：George Washington University
  摘要：Extant literature on divestment has repeatedly found that firms are likely to divest their poorly performing operations. In this paper, I consider how product market relatedness and geographic market differences in growth, policy stability, and exchange rate volatility can moderate the negative relationship between performance and divestment. Results from a comprehensive panel of U.S. multinational corporations (MNCs) reveal that conventional arguments about poor performance hold for both rela...
• Escaping the Prior Knowledge Corridor: What Shapes the Number and Variety of Market Opportunities Identified Before Market Entry of Technology Start-ups? AI翻译
  作者：Gruber, Marc; MacMillan, Ian C.; Thompson, James D.
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：The choice of the firm's market environment is one of the fundamental decisions of firm founders. We study the pre-entry generation of founders' market choice sets by investigating their search for market opportunities in which the firm's technological resources, as embodied in a product or service, can be commercialized. Analyzing data collected through personal interviews with founders of 496 technology ventures, we find that founding teams with more diverse industry experience and more dive...
• Temporal Work in Strategy Making AI翻译
  作者：Kaplan, Sarah; Orlikowski, Wanda J.
  作者单位：University of Toronto; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
  摘要：This paper reports on a field study of strategy making in one organization facing an industry crisis. In a comparison of five strategy projects, we observed that organizational participants struggled with competing interpretations of what might emerge in the future, what was currently at stake, and even what had happened in the past. We develop a model of temporal work in strategy making that articulates how actors resolved differences and linked their interpretations of the past, present, and...
• Rationalizing Organizational Change: A Need for Comparative Testing AI翻译
  作者：Sakhartov, Arkadiy V.; Folta, Timothy B.
  作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Purdue University System; Purdue University
  摘要：Behavioral theory explains that organizational change is prompted by performance relative to a firm-specific aspiration. Although this explanation has been empirically confirmed, it has not been tested comparatively alongside other explanations, most notably rational choice. This lack of comparative study implies that prior research may be committing Type I errors-confirming aspiration-level decision making when it is not actually occurring. This paper contributes to behavioral theory in two s...
• Excess May Do Harm: Investigating the Effect of Team External Environment on External Activities in Teams AI翻译
  作者：Gibson, Cristina B.; Dibble, Rebekah
  作者单位：University of Western Australia; University of San Francisco
  摘要：We extend research on team external environment by investigating whether lack of permanence, fluid membership, and environmental volatility influence the relationship between team external activities and team effectiveness. Teams engage in external activities with clients, audiences, funding sources, or other stakeholders who may receive the work of the team and/or who convey access to legitimacy and resources, and who may be outside of any organization team members represent. We seek to under...
• Learning by Doing and the Locus of Innovative Capability in Biotechnology Research AI翻译
  作者：Jain, Amit
  作者单位：National University of Singapore; National University of Singapore
  摘要：Innovative capability, the knowledge a firm uses to innovate, is an input into and an output of the process of innovation. In this paper, I put forward the notion that innovative capability, similar to experience in production, accumulates by learning by doing and that innovation is characterized by a learning curve. Using patent data from 20,886 scientists working in 611 biotechnology firms in the U.S. and Canadian biotechnology industry from 1970 to 2007, I estimate a learning curve in innov...
• What Happened to Long-Term Employment? The Role of Worker Power and Environmental Turbulence in Explaining Declines in Worker Tenure AI翻译
  作者：Bidwell, Matthew J.
  作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：Recent declines in the average length of time that U.S. workers spend with a given employer represent an important change in the nature of the employment relationship, yet it is one whose causes are poorly understood. I explore those causes using Current Population Survey data on the tenure of men aged 30-65, from the years 1979-2008. I argue that long-term employment relationships primarily occur when workers pressure employers to close off employment from market competition, reducing the att...
• The Structural Context of Team Learning: Effects of Organizational and Team Structure on Internal and External Learning AI翻译
  作者：Bresman, Henrik; Zellmer-Bruhn, Mary
  作者单位：INSEAD Business School; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
  摘要：This paper reports on a study of structural antecedents to team learning. In a study of self-managed pharmaceutical research and development teams, we first find that more team-level structure is associated with more internal learning as well as more external learning. We then establish that more organizational-level structure is negatively associated with both internal and external learning. We find that psychological safety mediates the positive relationship between team structure and team l...
• Organizational Learning and the Technology of Foolishness: The Case of Virtual Worlds at IBM AI翻译
  作者：Dodgson, Mark; Gann, David M.; Phillips, Nelson
  作者单位：University of Queensland; Imperial College London
  摘要：In this paper, we examine how and why organizational learning is affected by virtualization technologies. The literature on organizational learning has identified its many constraints, and the influence of information technologies on overcoming these restraints has also received attention. Little research, however, has addressed how organizational learning is affected by a new type of technology associated with virtuality: the characterization of people, objects, and processes by digital repre...