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作者：Palsson, Craig
作者单位：United States Department of Defense; United States Navy; Naval Postgraduate School
摘要：From 2005 to 2012, injuries to children under five increased by 10%, possibly because smartphones distract caregivers from supervising children. I exploit the expansion of AT&T's 3G network in both a difference-in-differences and a triple difference framework and find that hospitals experienced a 5% increase in emergency department visits for children ages 0-5, but none for children ages 6-10, after getting 3G. Age-specific injury patterns on playgrounds, from poisoning, and in sports further ...
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作者：Jakob, Michael; Kuebler, Dorothea; Steckel, Jan Christoph; van Veldhuizen, Roel
作者单位：Technical University of Berlin; Potsdam Institut fur Klimafolgenforschung
摘要：Although market-based environmental policy instruments feature prominently in economic theory and are widely employed, they often face public resistance. We argue that such resistance may be driven by moral responsibility, where citizens prefer to tackle the environmental problems that they have caused by themselves, rather than delegating the task to others by means of a market mechanism. Using a laboratory experiment that isolates moral responsibility from alternative explanations, we show t...
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作者：Wong, Ho Lun; Wang, Yu; Luo, Renfu; Zhang, Linxiu; Rozelle, Scott
作者单位：Lingnan University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Peking University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural Resources Research, CAS; Stanford University
摘要：Research has shown that allowing local communities to elect their own leaders increases local infrastructure investment. However, much less is known about the effects of local governance reform on the quality of local infrastructure. This paper examines the effects of governance reform implemented in rural Chinese villages on the quality of village road projects. We conduct surveys in 101 rural villages and collect data related to the implementation of the reform over the last two decades. We ...
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作者：Albano, Gian Luigi; Cesi, Berardino; Iozzi, Alberto
作者单位：Luiss Guido Carli University; University of Rome Tor Vergata; University of London; University of London School Oriental & African Studies (SOAS)
摘要：Unverifiable quality may affect the enforcement of procurement contracts even when the award procedure is able to select the most efficient firm in the market. In this paper, we show that a discriminatory competitive mechanism - which awards the contract on the basis of price and (firms') past performance - yields an efficient allocation of the contract and allows the buyer to implement her desired quality. Quality enforcement arises out of relational contracting whereby the buyer 'handicaps' ...
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作者：Gordon, Roger; Keuschnigg, Christian
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作者：Berggren, Niclas; Jordahl, Henrik; Poutvaara, Panu
作者单位：Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN); Prague University of Economics & Business; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Since good-looking politicians win more votes, a beauty advantage for politicians on the left or on the right is bound to have political consequences. We show that politicians on the right look more beautiful in Europe, the United States and Australia. Our explanation is that beautiful people earn more, which makes them less inclined to support redistribution. Our model of within-party competition predicts that voters use beauty as a cue for conservatism when they do not know much about candid...
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作者：Bulman, George
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：There is a great deal of policy interest in reducing college dropout rates, increasing graduation rates, and improving labor market outcomes. To this end, individual colleges and state university systems use high school grade point averages and class rankings in an effort to offer admission and scholarships to students who are most likely to achieve long-run success. However, a significant fraction of students exhibit steep positive or negative performance trends during high school. This study...
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作者：Dekel, Sagi; Fischer, Sven; Zultan, Ro'i
作者单位：Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Newcastle University - UK
摘要：Potential Pareto Public Goods create an aggregate benefit to society while harming some members of the community. As the overall benefit outweighs the harm incurred, provision may lead to Pareto improvement if the gains from cooperation are used to compensate the harmed parties. Such situations are ubiquitous, e.g., in not-in-my-backyard (NIMBY) problems. We study experimentally voluntary contributions to Potential Pareto Public Goods, in which provision is efficient but harms a minority in th...
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作者：Hasegawa, Makoto; Kiyota, Kozo
作者单位：Kyoto University; Keio University
摘要：In an increasingly globalized world, the design of international tax systems in terms of the taxation of foreign corporate income has attracted much attention from policy makers and economists alike. In the past, Japan's worldwide tax system taxed foreign source income upon repatriation. However, to stimulate dividend repatriations from Japanese-owned foreign affiliates, the Japanese government introduced a foreign dividend exemption system in 2009 that exempted dividends remitted by Japanese-...
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作者：Burns, Marguerite; Dague, Laura
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Bush School of Government & Public Service
摘要：Low-income adults without dependent children have historically had few paths to obtain public health insurance unless they qualified for Supplemental Security Income (SSI) cash benefits because of a disability. However, in states that expand their Medicaid programs, childless adults may obtain Medicaid without undergoing an intensive SSI disability review process and with substantially higher income and assets than the SSI program allows. This expanded availability of Medicaid coverage, indepe...
