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作者:University of Rome Tor Vergata; Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna
摘要:The locomotive industry was one of the relatively sophisticated high tech sectors in which Italy, a late industrializer, was successful before 1913. Using technical data on the performance of different vintages of locomotives, we construct a new industry-level index of technical change. We also study the impact of different policy instruments (import duties, non-tariff trade barriers, and other discretionary interventions) in shaping the development of the industry. Our reassessment reveals no...
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作者:University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要:This review article examines the development of state capacitythe extractive and productive power of states in European history. To explain the historical evolution of state capacity, I focus on the role of political innovations. I relate state capacity improvements to long-run economic growth and the establishment of twentieth-century welfare states. The article concludes with historical lessons for developing nations today.
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作者:American University
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作者:University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver
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作者:Federal Reserve System - USA
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作者:Carnegie Mellon University
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作者:Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick
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作者:Nazarbayev University
摘要:I utilize data from the Civil War income tax to calculate the income shares of the top 1 and 0.1 percent of the population in the United States in the late 1860sextending Thomas Piketty and Emmanuel Saez's series back in time. As we will see, income inequality during this period represents a low comparable to the late 1970s.
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作者:University of Southern Denmark
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作者:University of Arizona
摘要:To estimate the impact of federal spending on state incomes, we develop an annual panel data set between 1930 and 1940. Using panel methods we estimate that an added dollar of federal spending in the state increased state per capita income by between 40 and 96 cents. The point estimates for nonfarm grants are higher and for AAA farm grants are much smaller and negative in some cases. The spending led to increase in durable good spending on automobiles but had no positive effects on private emp...