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作者:Queens University - Canada
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作者:Bocconi University
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作者:University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
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作者:Universites de Strasbourg Etablissements Associes; Universite de Strasbourg; University of Southampton; Lund University
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作者:European University Institute
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作者:Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick
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作者:Middlebury College; Utrecht University
摘要:This article presents new estimations of per capita GDP in colonial times for the two pillars of the Spanish empire: Mexico and Peru. We find dynamic economies as evidenced by increasing real wages, urbanization, and silver mining. Their growth trajectories are such that both regions reduced the gap with respect to Spain; Mexico even achieved parity at times. While experiencing swings in growth, the notable turning point is in 1780s as bottlenecks in production and later, the independence wars...
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作者:Matheis, Mike
摘要:This article expands upon the current resource curse literature by using newly collected county data, spanning over a century, to capture the short- and long-run effects of coal mining activity. It provides evidence that increased levels of coal production had positive net impacts on county-level population and manufacturing activity over an initial ten-year span, which become negative over the subsequent decades. The results provide evidence that any existence of a resource curse on local are...
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作者:City University of New York (CUNY) System; College of Staten Island (CUNY)
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作者:William & Mary; Northwestern University; University System of Ohio; Oberlin College; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要:New water purification technologies led to large mortality declines by helping eliminate typhoid fever and other waterborne diseases. We examine how this affected human capital formation using early-life typhoid fatality rates to proxy for water quality. We merge city-level data to individuals linked between the 1900 and 1940 Censuses. Eliminating early-life exposure to typhoid fever increased later-life earnings by one percent and educational attainment by one month. Instrumenting for typhoid...