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作者:Australian National University; University of Bristol
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作者:Universita Ca Foscari Venezia
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作者:Simon Fraser University
摘要:By combining new archival and existing data, this article provides estimates of the economic impact of the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, the largest natural catastrophe ever recorded in Europe. The direct cost of the earthquake is estimated to be between 32 and 48 percent of the Portuguese GDP. In spite of strict controls, prices and wages remained volatile in the years after the tragedy. The recovery from the earthquake also led to a rise in the wage premium of construction workers. More significan...
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作者:Walsh, Lorena
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作者:Wellesley College; Yale University
摘要:In 1822 New York became the first of many common law states to authorize the formation of limited partnerships. Little is known about the effects of these statutes. This article analyzes the use of the limited partnership in nineteenth-century New York City. We find that the form was adopted by a surprising number of firms, and that limited partnerships had more capital, failed at lower rates, and had fewer members with kinship ties, compared to ordinary partnerships. The results suggest that ...
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作者:University of California System; University of California Davis; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
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作者:Hetherington, Bruce W.; Kower, Peter J.
摘要:In his seminal study on the economics of blockade running during the Civil War, Stanley Lebergott raised the paradoxical question, If smuggling yielded spectacular profit rates, why did so few successful investors try a second time?(1) Using Marcus Price's data on thousands of shipping runs, Lebergott estimated that fewer than(2) ten percent of the runners made more than a single trip through the blockade. Employing the same data used by Lebergott, we find startlingly different results.(3)
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作者:University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要:Control of livestock disease had large spillover effects on human health. By 1900 the United States was a leader in livestock disease control, thanks to the efforts of the Bureau of Animal Industry. Its first chief, Daniel Salmon, established a model that would be copied around the world in campaigns against human and animal diseases. For the most part, the Progressive Era regulations to advance livestock health and food safety were spectacular successes. The bureau's main blunder was its fail...
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作者:University of California System; University of California Riverside
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作者:Yeungnam University