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作者：Utrecht University
摘要：Secondary markets for public debt in Europe's most advanced preindustrial markets, Britain and the Dutch Republic, differed markedly. They were liquid in Britain, but not in the Republic. This article demonstrates that economic geography determined the shape of primary markets and the secondary markets that were based on them. Configuring financial markets in preindustrial Europe was thus not a uniform process leading to one ideal-type market structure. The development of markets with advanced...
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作者：Duke University
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作者：Costa, Dora; Goldin, Claudia; Margo, Robert A.
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作者：Utrecht University; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; University of Groningen; University of Amsterdam
摘要：With their legal personhood, permanent capital, transferable shares, separation of ownership and management, and limited liability, the Dutch and English colonial trading companies VOC and EIC are considered institutional breakthroughs. We analyze the VOC's business operations and financial policy and show that its novel corporate form owed less to foresight than to piecemeal engineering to remedy design flaws. The crucial feature of managerial limited liability was not, as previously thought,...
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作者：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University of Iowa
摘要：We analyze all slave manifests housed at the National Archives-some 24,400 documents involving approximately 135,000 slaves who were transported in the coastwise trade from 1810 to 1861. The manifests list the name of the owner or shipper, which allows us to match names with traders found in other sources. We also utilize demographic characteristics of the manifests to estimate the probability that a trader organized the shipment. Commercial transactions increased over the antebellum period, a...
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作者：Clemson University
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作者：Leech, Brian
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作者：Santa Clara University
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作者：University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research
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作者：Vanderbilt University
