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作者：Waldinger, Maria
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This paper examines the long-run effects of different Catholic missionary orders in colonial Mexico on educational outcomes and Catholicism. The main missionary orders in colonial Mexico were all Catholic, but they belonged to different monastic traditions and adhered to different values. Mendicant orders were committed to poverty and sought to reduce social inequality in colonial Mexico by educating the native population. The Jesuit order, by contrast, focused educational efforts on the colon...
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作者：Arunachalam, Raj; Shenoy, Ajay
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：We design a new method to detect household poverty traps. We apply the method to a unique panel that follows rural Indian households over thirty years. We find no evidence of poverty traps. Most households had annual income growth of over 2%, and income mobility is high. We then design and apply a method to detect conditional convergence. We find that upper castes are converging to a level of wealth 3 times as high as disadvantaged castes.
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作者：Javorcik, Beata S.; Narciso, Gaia
作者单位：University of Oxford; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Oxford; Trinity College Dublin
摘要：This study documents some unintended consequences of the World Trade Organization (WTO) membership by providing evidence on displacement of tariff evasion driven by the WTO accession process. The analysis focuses on the WTO Customs Valuation Agreement (CVA) which limits the discretion of customs officials when it comes to assessing the price of imports. While prior to the WTO accession customs officials are free to use their own judgment or apply minimum or reference prices, after their countr...
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作者：Bonfatti, Roberto; Poelhekke, Steven
作者单位：University of Nottingham; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; European Central Bank; De Nederlandsche Bank NV
摘要：Mine-related transport infrastructure typically connects mines directly to the coast, a pattern that is most clearly seen in Africa. We estimate the effect of such infrastructure on the pattern of bilateral trade flows. We find that a standard deviation increase in the number of mines over the mean biases a country's pattern of trade flows in favor of overseas trade, to the extent that these mining countries import 56% less from neighboring countries (relative to overseas countries), than do c...
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作者：Dhaliwal, Iqbal; Hanna, Rema
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Using a biometric technology to monitor the attendance of public health workers in India resulted in a 15 percent increase in staff presence, particularly for lower-level staff. The monitoring program led to a reduction in low-birth weight babies, highlighting the importance of improving provider presence. But, despite the government initiating this reform, there was ultimately a low demand by the government to use the higher quality attendance data available in real time to enforce their exis...
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作者：Aldashev, Gani; Guirkinger, Catherine
作者单位：Universite Libre de Bruxelles; University of Namur; University of Namur; University of Namur
摘要：We study how Russian colonization of the Kazakh steppes in the late 19th century influenced the evolution of traditional institutions of Kazakhs. Using a rich dataset constructed from Russian colonial expedition materials, we find that during the transition from nomadic pastoralism to a semi-sedentary pastoralist-agricultural system, Kazakhs' traditional communes shrank, property rights on land became more individualized, and households became less likely to pool labor for farming. We argue th...
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作者：Cheong, Juyoung; Kwak, Do Won; Yuan, Haishan
作者单位：Kyung Hee University; University of Queensland
摘要：In this paper, we study the effectiveness of the first large-scale unilateral trade concessions as foreign aid for disaster relief, i.e., EU tariff waivers on goods heavily exported by Pakistan, which was severely hit by the 2010 floods. Using a triple-difference approach and a synthetic control approach, we find that the tariff waivers substantially increased Pakistan's exports to the EU. The export hike occurred within a few months after the waivers became effective, and did not significantl...
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作者：Aldashev, Gani; Zanarone, Giorgio
作者单位：Universite Libre de Bruxelles; University of Namur; CUNEF Universidad
摘要：Faster courts favor economic development in States with sufficiently constrained executive power, whereas they harm development in States where political power is relatively unconstrained. We document this novel pattern across developing countries, and build a simple model of the State as a self-enforcing social contract, which illustrates how power, and institutions that constrain or complement it, affect development. We show a tradeoff between the two facets of power enforcement and expropri...
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作者：Caruso, German Daniel
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：Disasters can have long lasting effects, but understanding the breadth, variety and longevity of their effects can be challenging. This paper examines the long term effects and subsequent intergenerational transmission of exposure in childhood to the natural disasters that have occurred in Latin America in the last 100 years. The identification strategy exploits the exogenous variation in geographic location, timing and exposure of different birth cohorts to natural disasters. This study measu...
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作者：Steinberg, Daniel
作者单位：Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen
摘要：Based on the paradox of plenty, resource abundant countries tend to be vulnerable for lower economic prosperity along with instable political institutions as well as corruption. This paper sheds light on the relationship between resource abundance and the selectivity of migration. First, I combine a Dutch-Disease model with a Roy-Borjas-model in order to elaborate on the relationship between resource shocks and migrant selectivity theoretically. Thereby, I predict that resource booms give rise...
