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作者：Gravelle, Hugh; Sutton, Matt; Ma, Ada
作者单位：University of York - UK; University of Manchester; University of Aberdeen
摘要：The UK National Health Service introduced a pay for performance scheme for primary care providers in 2004/5. The scheme rewarded providers for the proportion of eligible patients who received appropriate treatment. Eligible patients were those who had been reported by the provider as having the relevant disease minus those they exception reported as not suitable for treatment. Using rich provider level data, we find that differences in reported disease rates between providers, and differences ...
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作者：Behncke, Stefanie; Froelich, Markus; Lechner, Michael
作者单位：IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：This article examines whether the chances of job placements improve if the unemployed are counselled by caseworkers who belong to the same social group, defined by gender, age, education and nationality. Based on an unusually informative dataset, which links Swiss unemployed to their caseworkers, we find positive employment effects of about 3 percentage points if the caseworker and his unemployed client belong to the same social group. Coincidence in a single characteristic, e.g., same gender ...
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作者：Chabot, Benjamin R.; Kurz, Christopher J.
作者单位：Yale University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Why did Victorian Britain send so much capital abroad? We collect over 500,000 monthly British and foreign security returns between 1866 and 1907 and investigate the effect of international diversification on Victorian investors' portfolios. This is the first study to use nineteenth-century data that is both broad enough and sampled at a high enough frequency to examine if foreign assets expanded the mean-variance efficient frontier of British investors and how valuable this expansion was in t...
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作者：Dustmann, Christian; Machin, Stephen; Schoenberg, Uta
作者单位：University of London; University College London
摘要：This article documents that at the start of school, pupils from most ethnic groups substantially lag behind White British pupils. However, these gaps decline for all groups throughout compulsory schooling. Language is the single most important factor why ethnic minority pupils improve relative to White British pupils. Poverty, in contrast, does not contribute to the catch-up. Our results also suggest the possibility that the greater than average progress of ethnic minority pupils in schools wi...
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作者：Miller, Grant
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：There has been considerable debate in the last decade about whether or not family planning programmes in developing countries reduce fertility or improve socio-economic outcomes. This article provides new evidence by studying the expansion of one of the world's oldest and largest family planning organisations - Profamilia of Colombia. It finds that family planning explains less than 10% of Colombia's fertility decline during its demographic transition. As in wealthy countries, however, lowerin...
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作者：Gintis, Herbert
作者单位：The Santa Fe Institute; Central European University
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作者：Laibson, David; Mollerstrom, Johanna
摘要：Bernanke (2005) hypothesised that a 'global savings glut' was causing large trade imbalances. However, we show that the global savings rates did not show a robust upward trend during the relevant period. Moreover, if there had been a global savings glut there should have been a large investment boom in the countries that imported capital. Instead, those countries experienced consumption booms. National asset bubbles explain the international imbalances. The bubbles raised consumption, resultin...
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作者：Nakov, Anton; Pescatori, Andrea
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Cleveland
摘要：We assess the extent to which the greater US macroeconomic stability since the mid-1980s can be accounted for by changes in oil shocks and the oil elasticity of gross output. We estimate a DSGE model and perform counterfactual simulations. We nest two popular explanations for the Great Moderation: smaller (non-oil\link real shocks and better monetary policy. We find that oil played an important role in the stabilisation. Around half of the reduced volatility of inflation is explained by better...
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作者：Bandiera, Oriana; Larcinese, Valentino; Rasul, Imran
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; University College London
摘要：Using administrative records from a UK university, we present evidence on the effects of class size on students' test scores. We estimate non-linear class size effects controlling for unobserved heterogen-eity of students and faculty. We find that: (i) at the average class size, the effect size is -0.108; (ii) the effect size is negative and significant only for the smallest and largest ranges of class sizes and zero in intermediate class sizes; (iii) students at the top of the test score dist...
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作者：de Walque, Gregory; Pierrard, Olivier; Rouabah, Abdelaziz
作者单位：European Central Bank; National Bank of Belgium; Universite Catholique Louvain
摘要：We develop a DSGE model with a heterogeneous banking sector. We introduce endogenous default probabilities for both firms and banks, and allow for bank regulation and liquidity injections into the interbank market. We aim to understand the interactions between the banking sector and the rest of the economy and the importance of supervisory and monetary authorities in restoring financial stability. The model is calibrated against real US data and used for simulations. The minimum capital requir...
