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作者：Nakamura, Emi; Sigurdsson, Josef; Steinsson, Jon
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：We exploit a volcanic experiment to study the costs and benefits of geographic mobility. In our experiment, a third of the houses in a town were covered by lava. People living in these houses were much more likely to move away permanently. For the dependents in a household (children), our estimates suggest that being induced to move by the lava shock dramatically raised lifetime earnings and education. While large, these estimates come with a substantial amount of statistical uncertainty. The ...
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作者：Proto, Eugenio; Rustichini, Aldo; Sofianos, Andis
作者单位：University of Glasgow; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg
摘要：We study how strategic interaction and cooperation are affected by the heterogeneity of cognitive skills of groups of players, over consecutive plays of repeated games with randomly matched opponents using Prisoner's Dilemma as stage game. We observe overall higher cooperation rates and average final payoffs in integrated treatment groups-where subjects of different IQ levels interact together-than in separated treatment groups. Lower IQ subjects are better off and higher IQ subjects are worse...
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作者：Igami, Mitsuru; Sugaya, Takuo
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Do mergers help or hinder collusion? This article studies the stability of the vitamin cartels in the 1990s and presents a repeated-games approach to quantify coordinated effects of a merger. We use data and direct evidence from American courts and European agencies to show the collusive incentive of the short-lived vitamin C cartel was likely to be negative when it actually collapsed in 1995, whereas the incentives of the long-lived cartels (vitamins A and E, and beta carotene) were unambiguo...
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作者：Lundborg, Petter; Rooth, Dan-Olof; Alex-Petersen, Jesper
作者单位：Lund University; Stockholm University; Lund University
摘要：We study the long-term impact of a policy-driven change in childhood nutrition. For this purpose, we evaluate a program that rolled out nutritious school lunches free of charge to all pupils in Swedish primary schools between 1959 and 1969. We estimate the impact of the program on children's economic, educational, and health outcomes throughout life. Our results show that the school lunch program generated substantial long-term benefits, where pupils exposed to the program during their entire ...
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作者：Hufe, Paul; Kanbur, Ravi; Peichl, Andreas
作者单位：University of Bristol; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Cornell University; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Munich
摘要：Empirical evidence on distributional preferences shows that people do not judge inequality as problematic per se but that they take into account the fairness or unfairness of the outcome. This article conceptualizes a view of unfair inequality and introduces a new measure of inequality based on two widely held fairness principles: equality of opportunity and freedom from poverty. It develops a method for decomposing inequality and its trends into an unfair and a fair component. We provide two ...
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作者：Benabou, Roland; Ticchi, Davide; Vindigni, Andrea
作者单位：Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); IZA Institute Labor Economics; Marche Polytechnic University; University of Genoa
摘要：We study the co-evolution of religion, science, and politics. We first uncover, in international and U.S. data, a robust negative relationship between religiosity and patents per capita. The model then combines: (1) scientific discoveries that raise productivity but sometimes erode religious beliefs; (2) a government that allows innovations to diffuse, or blocks them; (3) religious institutions that can invest in doctrinal reform. Three long-term outcomes emerge. The Western-European Seculariz...
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作者：Allcott, Hunt; Kim, Joshua; Taubinsky, Dmitry; Zinman, Jonathan
作者单位：Microsoft; National Bureau of Economic Research; Facebook Inc
摘要：It is often argued that people might take on too much high-cost debt because they are present focused and/or over-optimistic about how soon they will repay. We measure borrowers' present focus and over-optimism using an experiment with a large payday lender. Although the most inexperienced quartile of borrowers under-estimate their likelihood of future borrowing, the more experienced three quartiles predict correctly on average. This finding contrasts sharply with priors we elicited from 103 p...
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作者：Adamopoulos, Tasso; Restuccia, Diego
作者单位：York University - Canada; University of Toronto; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We quantify the role of geography and land quality for agricultural productivity differences across countries using high-resolution micro-geography data and a spatial accounting framework. The rich spatial data provide for each cell of land covering the entire globe, the potential yield for 18 crops, which measures the maximum attainable crop output given soil quality, climate conditions, terrain topography, and a given level of cultivation inputs. While there is considerable heterogeneity in ...
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作者：Andre, Peter; Pizzinelli, Carlo; Roth, Christopher; Wohlfart, Johannes
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; University of Copenhagen
摘要：We study people's subjective models of the macroeconomy and shed light on their attentional foundations. To do so, we measure beliefs about the effects of macroeconomic shocks on unemployment and inflation, providing respondents with identical information about the parameters of the shocks and previous realizations of macroeconomic variables. Within samples of 6,500 US households and 1,500 experts, beliefs are widely dispersed, even about the directional effects of shocks, and there are large ...
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作者：Allen, Treb; Arkolakis, Costas
作者单位：Dartmouth College; National Bureau of Economic Research; Yale University
摘要：Each year in the US, hundreds of billions of dollars are spent on transportation infrastructure and billions of hours are lost in traffic. We develop a quantitative general equilibrium spatial framework featuring endogenous transportation costs and traffic congestion and apply it to evaluate the welfare impact of transportation infrastructure improvements. Our approach yields analytical expressions for transportation costs between any two locations, the traffic along each link of the transport...
