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作者:Auerbach, AJ; Obstfeld, M
作者单位:University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要:Prevalent thinking about liquidity traps suggests that the perfect substitutability of money and bonds at a zero short-term nominal interest rate renders open-market operations ineffective for achieving macroeconomic stabilization goals. We show that even were this the case, there remains a powerful argument for large-scale open market operations as a fiscal policy tool. As we also demonstrate, however, this same reasoning implies that open-market operations will be beneficial for stabilizatio...
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作者:Antonovics, KL; Goldberger, AS
作者单位:University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
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作者:Duffy, J; Fisher, EO
作者单位:Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Cleveland
摘要:We show that extrinsic or nonfundamental uncertainty influences markets in a controlled environment. This work provides the first direct evidence of sunspot equilibria. These equilibria require a common understanding of the semantics of the sunspot variable, and they appear to be sensitive to the flow of information. Sunspots always occur in a closed-book call market, but they happen only occasionally in a double auction, where inframarginal bids and offers are observable.
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作者:Blank, RM
作者单位:University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research
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作者:Case, A; Deaton, A
作者单位:Princeton University; Princeton University
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作者:Freeman, RB
作者单位:Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
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作者:Goldman, D; Smith, JP
作者单位:RAND Corporation
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作者:Feldstein, M
作者单位:Harvard University
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作者:Hoff, K; Sen, A
作者单位:The World Bank; Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi; Indian Institute of Management (IIM System); Indian Institute of Management Calcutta
摘要:We show that individuals with identical preferences and abilities can self-organize into communities with starkly different civic environments. Specifically, we consider a multi-community city where community quality depends upon residents' efforts to prevent crime, improve local governance, etc. Homeownership raises incentives for such civic efforts, but is beyond the reach of the poor. Within-community externalities lead to segregated cities: the rich reside in healthy homeowner communities,...
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作者:Harrison, GW; Johnson, E; McInnes, MM; Rutström, EE
作者单位:State University System of Florida; University of Central Florida; University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia