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作者：Pierre, Joseph F.; Peters, Brian M.; La Torre, Diana; Sidebottom, Ashley M.; Tao, Yun; Zhu, Xiaorong; Cham, Candace M.; Wang, Ling; Kambal, Amal; Harris, Katharine G.; Silva, Julian F.; Zaborina, Olga; Alverdy, John C.; Herzog, Herbert; Witchley, Jessica; Noble, Suzanne M.; Leone, Vanessa A.; Chang, Eugene B.
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Chicago; Garvan Institute of Medical Research; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：The mammalian gut secretes a family of multifunctional peptides that affect appetite, intestinal secretions, and motility whereas others regulate the microbiota. We have found that peptide YY (PYY1-36), but not endocrine PYY3-36, acts as an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) expressed by gut epithelial paneth cells (PC). PC-PYY is packaged into secretory granules and is secreted into and retained by surface mucus, which optimizes PC-PYY activity. Although PC-PYY shows some antibacterial activity, it ...
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作者：Yang, Hong; Xiang, Xiaohua; Wu, Xiaoling; Thompson, Julian R.; Flower, Roger J.
作者单位：University of Reading; Hohai University; University of London; University College London
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作者：Robison, Amy
作者单位：Duke University
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作者：Brochhagen, Thomas; Boleda, Gemma; Gualdoni, Eleonora; Xu, Yang
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University; ICREA; University of Toronto
摘要：A defining property of human language is the creative use of words to express multiple meanings through word meaning extension. Such lexical creativity is manifested at different timescales, ranging from language development in children to the evolution of word meanings over history. We explored whether different manifestations of lexical creativity build on a common foundation. Using computational models, we show that a parsimonious set of semantic knowledge types characterize developmental d...
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作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
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作者：Zhang, Zi-Yang; Harischandra, Dilshan S.; Wang, Ruifang; Ghaisas, Shivani; Zhao, Janet Y.; McMonagle, Thomas P.; Zhu, Guixin; Lacuarta, Kenzo D.; Song, Jianing; Trojanowski, John Q.; Xu, Hong; Lee, Virginia M. Y.; Yang, Xiaolu
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; Northwestern University; Zhejiang University
摘要：Aggregation of tau into filamentous inclusions underlies Alzheimer's disease (AD) and numerous other neurodegenerative tauopathies. The pathogenesis of tauopathies remains unclear, which impedes the development of disease-modifying treatments. Here, by systematically analyzing human tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins, we identified a few TRIMs that could potently inhibit tau aggregation. Among them, TRIM11 was markedly down-regulated in AD brains. TRIM11 promoted the proteasomal degradation of m...
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作者：Brainard, Jeffrey
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作者：Uzogara, Ekeoma E.
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作者：Busch, Silas E.; Hansel, Christian
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Chicago
摘要：Canonically, each Purkinje cell (PC) in the adult cerebellum receives only one climbing fiber (CF) from the inferior olive. Underlying current theories of cerebellar function is the notion that this highly conserved one-to-one relationship renders Purkinje dendrites into a single computational compartment. However, we discovered that multiple primary dendrites are a near-universal morphological feature in humans. Using tract tracing, immunolabeling, and in vitro electrophysiology, we found tha...
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作者：Sullivan, S. Mazeika Patricio; Gardner, Royal C.
作者单位：Clemson University; Stetson University
