Science

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• Convergence in carnivorous pitcher plants reveals a mechanism for composite trait evolution AI翻译
  作者：Chomicki, Guillaume; Burin, Gustavo; Busta, Lucas; Gozdzik, Jedrzej; Jetter, Reinhard; Mortimer, Beth; Bauer, Ulrike
  作者单位：Durham University; Natural History Museum London; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Duluth; University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; University of Oxford; University of Bristol; University of Exeter
  摘要：Composite traits involve multiple components that, only when combined, gain a new synergistic function. Thus, how they evolve remains a puzzle. We combined field experiments, microscopy, chemical analyses, and laser Doppler vibrometry with comparative phylogenetic analyses to show that two carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plant species independently evolved similar adaptations in three distinct traits to acquire a new, composite trapping mechanism. Comparative analyses suggest that this new trait...
• Once reluctant, new NIH chief Monica Bertagnolli embraces role AI翻译
  作者：Kaiser, Jocelyn
• San Andreas fault may shake less than once feared AI翻译
  作者：Voosen, Paul
  摘要：Precariously balanced rocks near Los Angeles hold clues to the hazard of a giant earthquake
• Before tunnel collapse, scientists sent warnings AI翻译
  作者：Parvaiz, Athar
  摘要：Researchers repeatedly raised concerns about building in Himalayas' unstable geology
• Iran's Zayandeh Rud River basin in crisis AI翻译
  作者：Salahshoori, Iman; Namayandeh Jorabchi, Majid
  作者单位：Iran Polymer & Petrochemical Institute; Islamic Azad University; Leibniz Association; Leibniz Institut fur Katalyse e.V. an der Universitat Rostock (LIKAT)
• Endel Tulving (1927-2023) AI翻译
  作者：Cabeza, Roberto; Duezel, Emrah
  作者单位：Duke University; Humboldt University of Berlin; Otto von Guericke University; University of London; University College London
• Making a digital dupe of Anderson Cooper AI翻译
  作者：Dickman, Jamie; Farid, Hany; Bohacek, Maty
  作者单位：Northwestern University
  摘要：Two computer scientists discuss deepfakes and how they made a facsimile of the anchor Two computer scientists discuss deepfakes and how they made a facsimile of the anchor
• Biomimetic, knittable aerogel fiber for thermal insulation textile AI翻译
  作者：Wu, Mingrui; Shao, Ziyu; Zhao, Nifang; Zhang, Rongzhen; Yuan, Guodong; Tian, Lulu; Zhang, Zibei; Gao, Weiwei; Bai, Hao
  作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University
  摘要：Aerogels have been considered as an ideal material for thermal insulation. Unfortunately, their application in textiles is greatly limited by their fragility and poor processability. We overcame these issues by encapsulating the aerogel fiber with a stretchable layer, mimicking the core-shell structure of polar bear hair. Despite its high internal porosity over 90%, our fiber is stretchable up to 1000% strain, which is greatly improved compared with that of traditional aerogel fibers (similar ...
• Structural visualization of transcription initiation in action AI翻译
  作者：Chen, Xizi; Liu, Weida; Wang, Qianmin; Wang, Xinxin; Ren, Yulei; Qu, Xuechun; Li, Wanjun; Xu, Yanhui
  作者单位：Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University
  摘要：Transcription initiation is a complex process, and its mechanism is incompletely understood. We determined the structures of de novo transcribing complexes TC2 to TC17 with RNA polymerase II halted on G-less promoters when nascent RNAs reach 2 to 17 nucleotides in length, respectively. Connecting these structures generated a movie and a working model. As initially synthesized RNA grows, general transcription factors (GTFs) remain bound to the promoter and the transcription bubble expands. Nucl...
• GluD1 binds GABA and controls inhibitory plasticity AI翻译
  作者：Piot, Laura; Heroven, Christina; Bossi, Simon; Zamith, Joseph; Malinauskas, Tomas; Johnson, Chris; Wennagel, Doris; Stroebel, David; Charrier, Cecile; Aricescu, A. Radu; Mony, Laetitia; Paoletti, Pierre
  作者单位：Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); MRC Laboratory Molecular Biology; University of Oxford; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; University of Oxford
  摘要：Fast synaptic neurotransmission in the vertebrate central nervous system relies primarily on ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs), which drive neuronal excitation, and type A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAARs), which are responsible for neuronal inhibition. However, the GluD1 receptor, an iGluR family member, is present at both excitatory and inhibitory synapses. Whether and how GluD1 activation may affect inhibitory neurotransmission is unknown. In this work, by using a combinatio...