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• Conflict drives mpox epidemic in eastern DRC AI翻译
  作者：Wayengera, Misaki
  作者单位：Makerere University; Makerere University; Makerere University; Makerere University
• A cellulose synthase-like protein governs the biosynthesis of Solanum alkaloids AI翻译
  作者：Jozwiak, Adam; Panda, Sayantan; Akiyama, Ryota; Yoneda, Ayano; Umemoto, Naoyuki; Saito, Kazuki; Yasumoto, Shuhei; Muranaka, Toshiya; Gharat, Sachin A.; Kazachkova, Yana; Dong, Yonghui; Arava, Shlomy; Goliand, Inna; Nevo, Reinat; Rogachev, Ilana; Meir, Sagit; Mizutani, Masaharu; Aharoni, Asaph
  作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; University of California System; University of California Riverside; Leibniz Institut fur Pflanzenbiochemie; Kobe University; RIKEN; University of Osaka
  摘要：Decades of research on the infamous antinutritional steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) in Solanaceae plants have provided deep insights into their metabolism and roles. However, engineering SGAs in heterologous hosts has remained a challenge. We discovered that a protein evolved from the machinery involved in building plant cell walls is the crucial link in the biosynthesis of SGAs. We show that cellulose synthase-like M [GLYCOALKALOID METABOLISM15 (GAME15)] functions both as a cholesterol glucur...
• A scaffold protein manages the biosynthesis of steroidal defense metabolites in plants AI翻译
  作者：Boccia, Marianna; Kessler, Danny; Seibt, Wibke; Grabe, Veit; Lopez, Carlos E. Rodriguez; Grzech, Dagny; Heinicke, Sarah; O'Connor, Sarah E.; Sonawane, Prashant D.
  作者单位：Max Planck Society; Max Planck Society; Max Planck Society; Tecnologico de Monterrey; Tecnologico de Monterrey; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia
  摘要：Solanaceae plants produce two major classes of valuable sterol-derived natural products-steroidal glycoalkaloids and steroidal saponins-from a common cholesterol precursor. Attempts to heterologously produce these molecules have consistently failed, although the genes responsible for each biosynthetic step have been identified. Here we identify a cellulose synthase-like protein, an unexpected biosynthetic component that interacts with the early pathway enzymes, enabling steroidal scaffolds pro...
• Red tape strangles viral surveillance programs AI翻译
  作者：Ozonoff, Al; Ngono, Annie Elong; Frederick, Robert
  作者单位：Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; La Jolla Institute for Immunology
• FDA should consider drug-therapy regimens AI翻译
  作者：Castren, Eero; Normann, Claus
  作者单位：University of Helsinki; University of Freiburg
• Cellular RNA interacts with MAVS to promote antiviral signaling AI翻译
  作者：Gokhale, Nandan S.; Sam, Russell K.; Somfleth, Kim; Thompson, Matthew G.; Marciniak, Daphnee M.; Smith, Julian R.; Genoyer, Emmanuelle; Eggenberger, Julie; Chu, Lan H.; Park, Moonhee; Dvorkin, Steve; Oberst, Andrew; Horner, Stacy M.; Ong, Shao-En; Gale Jr, Michael; Savan, Ram
  作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Duke University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Duke University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
  摘要：Antiviral signaling downstream of RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) proceeds through a multi-protein complex organized around the adaptor protein mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS). Protein complex function can be modulated by RNA molecules that provide allosteric regulation or act as molecular guides or scaffolds. We hypothesized that RNA plays a role in organizing MAVS signaling platforms. We found that MAVS, through its central intrinsically disordered domain, directly interacted wi...
• Biocatalytic C-H oxidation meets radical cross-coupling: Simplifying complex piperidine synthesis AI翻译
  作者：He, Jiayan; Yokoi, Kenta; Wixted, Breanna; Zhang, Benxiang; Kawamata, Yu; Renata, Hans; Baran, Phil S.
  作者单位：Scripps Research Institute; Rice University
  摘要：Modern medicinal chemists are targeting more complex molecules to address challenging biological targets, which leads to synthesizing structures with higher sp3 character (Fsp3) to enhance specificity as well as physiochemical properties. Although traditional flat, high-fraction sp2 molecules, such as pyridine, can be decorated through electrophilic aromatic substitution and palladium (Pd)-based cross-couplings, general strategies to derivatize three-dimensional (3D) saturated molecules are fa...
• Hydrogenotrophic methanogens overwrite isotope signals of subsurface methane AI翻译
  作者：Mayumi, Daisuke; Tamaki, Hideyuki; Kato, Souichiro; Igarashi, Kensuke; Lalk, Ellen; Nishikawa, Yasunori; Minagawa, Hideki; Sato, Tomoyuki; Ono, Shuhei; Kamagata, Yoichi; Sakata, Susumu
  作者单位：National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST); National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST); National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST); United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey
  摘要：Methane, a greenhouse gas and energy source, is commonly studied using stable isotope signals as proxies for its formation processes. In subsurface environments, methane often exhibits equilibrium isotopic signals, but the equilibration process has never been demonstrated in the laboratory. We cocultured a hydrogenotrophic methanogen with an H2-producing bacterium under conditions (55 degrees C, 10 megapascals) simulating a methane-bearing subsurface. This resulted in near-complete reversibili...
• Experiments outside the lab come with new responsibilities AI翻译
  作者：Stilgoe, Jack
• Quantum collective motion of macroscopic mechanical oscillators AI翻译
  作者：Chegnizadeh, Mahdi; Scigliuzzo, Marco; Youssefi, Amir; Kono, Shingo; Guzovskii, Evgenii; Kippenberg, Tobias J.
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
  摘要：Collective phenomena arise from interactions within complex systems, leading to behaviors absent in individual components. Observing quantum collective phenomena with macroscopic mechanical oscillators has been impeded by the stringent requirement that oscillators be identical. We demonstrate the quantum regime for collective motion of N = 6 mechanical oscillators, a hexamer, in a superconducting circuit optomechanical platform. By increasing the optomechanical couplings, the system transition...