Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• Myosin in autoinhibited off state(s), stabilized by mavacamten, can be recruited in response to inotropic interventions AI翻译
  作者：Ma, Weikang; del Rio, Carlos L.; Qi, Lin; Prodanovic, Momcilo; Mijailovich, Srboljub; Zambataro, Christopher; Gong, Henry; Shimkunas, Rafael; Gollapudi, Sampath; Nag, Suman; Irving, Thomas C.
  作者单位：Illinois Institute of Technology; Illinois Institute of Technology; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Illinois Institute of Technology; University of Kragujevac
  摘要：Mavacamten is a FDA- approved small- molecule therapeutic designed to regulate cardiac function at the sarcomere level by selectively but reversibly inhibiting the enzymatic activity of myosin. It shifts myosin toward ordered offstates close to the thick filament backbone. It remains elusive whether these myosin heads in the offstate(s) can be recruited in response to physiological stimuli when required to boost cardiac output. We show that cardiac myosins stabilized in these offstate(s) by ma...
• Homophily modulates double descent generalization in graph convolution networks AI翻译
  作者：Shi, Cheng; Pan, Liming; Hu, Hong; Dokmanic, Ivan
  作者单位：University of Basel; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Nanjing Normal University; University of Pennsylvania; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
  摘要：Graph neural networks (GNNs) excel in modeling relational data such as biological, statistical physics and random matrix theory to precisely characterize generalization in simple graph convolution networks on the contextual stochastic block model. Our results illuminate the nuances of learning on homophilic versus heterophilic data and predict double descent whose existence in GNNs has been questioned by recent work. We show how risk is shaped by the interplay between the graph noise, feature ...
• The impact of age and number of mutations on the size of clonal hematopoiesis AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Kai; Zhang, Wen; Yi, Li; Zhao, Ming; Li, Peng - Yu; Fu, Mei - Hong; Lin, Rong; Zhu, Yong - Mei; Li, Jian - Feng; Yang, Wei - Ping; Fang, Hai; Chen, Zhu; Cai, Wang - Wei; Ren, Rui - Bao
  作者单位：Hainan Medical University; Hainan Medical University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Hainan Medical University; Hainan Medical University
  摘要：Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) represents the clonal expansion of hematopoietic stem cells and their progeny driven by somatic mutations. Accurate risk assessment of CH is critical for disease prevention and clinical decision- making. The size of CH has been showed to associate with higher disease risk, yet, factors influencing the size of CH are unknown. In addition, the characteristics of CH in long - lived individuals are not well documented. Here, we report an in - depth analysis of CH in longe...
• How poverty is measured impacts who gets classified as impoverished AI翻译
  作者：Pu, Christine J.; Lambin, Eric F.; Kusimakwe, Ian; Gichia, Lenny; Seme, Assefa; Otupiri, Easmon; Davis, Jennifer
  作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Universite Catholique Louvain; Addis Ababa University; Kwame Nkrumah University Science & Technology
  摘要：We test whether the classification of households into poverty categories is meaningfully influenced by the poverty measurement approach that is employed. These classification techniques are widely used by governments, non - profit organizations, and development agencies for policy design and implementation. Using primary data collected in Ethiopia, Ghana, and Uganda, we find almost no agreement in how four commonly used approaches rank 16,150 households in terms of poverty status. This result ...
• Cell lineage-guided mass spectrometry reveals increased energy metabolism and reactive oxygen species in the vertebrate organizer AI翻译
  作者：Baxi, Aparna B.; Li, Jie; Quach, Vi M.; Pade, Leena R.; Moody, Sally A.; Nemes, Peter
  作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; George Washington University
  摘要：Molecular understanding of the vertebrate Organizer, a tissue center critical for inductive signaling during gastrulation, has so far been mostly limited to transcripts and a few proteins, the latter due to limitations in detection and sensitivity. The Spemann-Mangold Organizer (SMO) in the South African Clawed Frog (X. laevis), a popular model of development, has long been known to be the origin of signals that pattern the mesoderm and central nervous system. Molecular screens of the SMO have...
• Beyond gender: The biological impacts of inequality through the lens of intersectionality AI翻译
  作者：Green, Natalie A.
  作者单位：New York University
• Regulation of circadian rhythms by clock protein nuclear bodies AI翻译
  作者：Yuan, Ye; Yadlapalli, Swathi
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
• γδ T cell antigen receptor polyspecificity enables T cell responses to a broad range of immune challenges AI翻译
  作者：Guo, Jing; Chowdhury, Roshni Roy; Mallajosyula, Vamsee; Xie, Jianming; Dubey, Megha; Liu, Yuanyuan; Li, Jing; Wei, Yu-ling; Palanski, Brad A.; Wang, Conghua; Qiu, Lingfeng; Ohanyan, Mane; Kask, Oliver; Sola, Elsa; Kamalyan, Lilit; Lewis, David B.; Scriba, Thomas J.; Davis, Mark M.; Dodd, Dylan; Zeng, Xun; Chien, Yueh-hsiu
  作者单位：University of Chicago; Western University of Health Sciences; Amgen; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis & Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Stanford University; University of Cape Town; University of Cape Town; Stanford University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College
  摘要：gamma delta T cells are essential for immune defense and modulating physiological processes. While they have the potential to recognize large numbers of antigens through somatic gene rearrangement, the antigens which trigger most gamma delta T cell response remain unidentified, and the role of antigen recognition in gamma delta T cell function is contentious. Here, we show that some gamma delta T cell receptors (TCRs) exhibit polyspecificity, recognizing multiple ligands of diverse molecular n...
• Social mobility in the Tang Dynasty as the Imperial Examination rose and aristocratic family pedigree declined, 618-907 CE AI翻译
  作者：Wen, Fangqi; Wang, Erik H.; Hout, Michael
  作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University of Oxford; New York University; New York University
  摘要：Data from the distant past are fertile ground for testing social science theories of education and social mobility. In this study, we construct a dataset from 3,640 tomb epitaphs of males in China's Tang Dynasty (618-907 CE), which contain granular and extensive information about the ancestral origins, family background, and career histories of the deceased elites. Our statistical analysis of the complete profiles yields evidence of the transition away from an aristocratic society in three key...
• Targeting the PHF8/YY1 axis suppresses cancer cell growth through modulation of ROS AI翻译
  作者：Wu, Xiao- Nan; Li, Jia- yuan; He, Qi; Li, Bo-qun; He, Yao-hui; Pan, Xu; Wang, Ming- yue; Sang, Rui; Ding, Jian- cheng; Gao, Xiang; Wu, Zhen; Liu, Wen
  作者单位：Xiamen University; Xiamen University; Xiamen University
  摘要：High levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) are linked to cancer development, which is tightly controlled by the electron transport chain (ETC). However, the epigenetic mechanisms governing ETC gene transcription to drive mROS production and cancer cell growth remain to be fully characterized. Here, we report that protein demethylase PHF8 is overexpressed in many types of cancers, including colon and lung cancer, and is negatively correlated with ETC gene expression. While it i...